Abstract: In a power grid capable of electrical power delivery and power line communications, a distribution transformer and at least one smart meter is connected to the power grid. In one embodiment, the distribution transformer is configured to map the smart meters on the power grid to a virtual grid based upon measurements of signal metrics received from the various smart meters on the power grid, and the virtual grid is used to determine if a failure has occurred on the physical grid. A communications failure between nodes on the grid suggests a possible power failure, and the failure can be located using mapping information obtained from the virtual grid. A drop in power consumption on the power grid corroborates outages detected via the communications failure. In one embodiment, a cross phase delta value is computed to adjust the signal strength metrics measured between nodes having differing phases of electrical distribution.

Abstract: An improved programming interface which provides for event scheduling, improved variable declarations allowing for configuration of declaration parameters, and improved handling of I/O objects. In modern day computing devices and especially in networks of such devices it is important to provide for event scheduling; known computing devices allow for event scheduling based on the occurrence of a predefined event. However, such a system present shortfalls in that flexibility is not provided to allow scheduling based on any arbitrary condition. Therefore, it is disclosed to provide a programming environment which allows for event scheduling where the event may be any arbitrary condition thus providing increased flexibility in event driven programs. In addition, programs which run on such computing devices typically declare one or more variables; such variables having one or more parameters associated therewith.

Abstract: An improved programming interface which provides for event scheduling, improved variable declarations allowing for configuration of declaration parameters, and improved handling of I/O objects. In modern day computing devices and especially in networks of such devices it is important to provide for event scheduling; known computing devices allow for event scheduling based on the occurrence of a predefined event. However, such a system present shortfalls in that flexibility is not provided to allow scheduling based on any arbitrary condition. Therefore, it is disclosed to provide a programming environment which allows for event scheduling where the event may be any arbitrary condition thus providing increased flexibility in event driven programs. In addition, programs which run on such computing devices typically declare one or more variables; such variables having one or more parameters associated therewith.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method for communicating information in a networked system wherein network variables are employed to accomplish such communication. Network variables allow for standardized communication of data between nodes in a network. A first node may be programmed, for example, to sense certain information and to report the information as a network variable X. A second node may be programmed to receive the variable X and to control devices based on the current value of the variable. The present invention provides for defining connections between the first and second node to facilitate such communication and for determining addressing information to allow for addressing of messages, including updates to the value of the variable X, between the nodes.

Abstract: A method of determining a transaction identifier for a message to be sent from a node on a network. The node has an address table and a memory. The method comprising the steps of: accessing the address table to determine an address for the message; and accessing the transaction identifier at a memory location corresponding to the address.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method for communicating information in a networked system wherein network variables are employed to accomplish such communication. Network variables allow for standardized communication of data between nodes in a network. A first node may be programmed, for example, to sense certain information and to report the information as a network variable X. A second node may be programmed to receive the variable X and to control devices based on the current value of the variable. The present invention provides for defining connections between the first and second node to facilitate such communication and for determining addressing information to allow for addressing of messages, including updates to the value of the variable X, between the nodes.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method for communicating information in a networked system wherein network variables are employed to accomplish such communication. Network variables allow for standardized communication of data between nodes in a network. A first node may be programmed, for example, to sense certain information and to report the information as a network variable X. A second node may be programmed to receive the variable X and to control devices based on the current value of the variable. The present invention provides for defining connections between the first and second node to facilitate such communication and for determining addressing information to allow for addressing of messages, including updates to the value of the variable X, between the nodes.

Abstract: In a communications system, an apparatus and method for detecting a valid signal from noise. An adaptive threshold is used to qualify a received signal. The adaptive threshold is set according to the number of false detects occurring within a given time interval. The number of false detects is initially determined by a quick qualification process. This initial number is subsequently adjusted by a more accurate qualification process. The transmitted signal is modulated with a particular pattern. Upon receiving the signal, it is demodulated to retrieve that pattern. The demodulated pattern is correlated against multiple reference patterns and combined to provide a measure of peak correlation that is independent of pattern phase. Furthermore, a tone detector is used to distinguish valid signals from interfering tones. Two different types of detection methods are performed in parallel. One is based on the energy of the received signal, whereas the other is based on the correlation of the received signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for network node identification and network configuration. Prior to physical installation, a first node of a network is communicated with by a dedicated apparatus wherein the first node is requested to transmit a first unique identifier for the node to the apparatus. The apparatus then stores the first unique identifier received from the first node, and generates the first unique identifier on a medium (e.g. a label). This first unique identifier may be represented on the medium in a coded format. In one embodiment, the coded format is a code 39 bar code and the medium is an adhesive label. The labels obtained from querying the nodes prior to physical installation may be affixed to a floor plan of a networking system during installation, indicating each node's physical placement in that system. Each of the identifiers may then later be automatically read by an automated apparatus for network configuration. This apparatus (e.g.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method for communicating information in a networked system wherein network variables are employed to accomplish such communication. Network variables allow for standardized communication of data between nodes in a network. A first node may be programmed, for example, to sense certain information and to report the information as a network variable X. A second node may be programmed to receive the variable X and to control devices based on the current value of the variable. The present invention provides for defining connections between the first and second node to facilitate such communication and for determining addressing information to allow for addressing of messages, including updates to the value of the variable X, between the nodes.

Abstract: An apparatus useful in the configuration of communication network. The present invention provides for improved apparatus and techniques for configuration of network nodes. In particular, what is described is a device which may be coupled with each node of a network. When coupled to a node, the device and node cooperate in allowing communication of information identifying the node and the node type to the device. The node identification and type information may then be utilized to reliably complete configuration of a network.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method for routing of messages in a networked system wherein reduced unnecessary retransmission of messages across routers is achieved by examining the address of the source of messages to be forwarded and, if the source of the message is on the transmit side of the router, not retransmitting the message. Further, when messages are originated which do not include source subnet address information, a router receiving such a message will update the source subnet address field of the message with its own source subnet address so as to allow other routers to use the updated source subnet address information in making routing decisions.

Abstract: An improved network for communication of message packets. The network of the present invention implements an improved collision avoidance, detection and backoff system for communication on a media between nodes. The apparatus calculates a time period P after detecting the media is idle using a formula F which is a function of a pseudo-random delay factor T. If the media remains idle during the time period P, the device may transmit a message. The apparatus further has the ability to assign messages as being either priority or non-priority messages. Priority messages may be transmitted during priority message slots preassigned to transmitting nodes. Non-priority message contend for the media during a period of time following the period set for transmission of priority messages.

Abstract: An improved network for communication of message packets. The present invention provides for improved reliable multicast messaging wherein messages may be reliably multicast to members of a multicast group and acknowledgements may be handled in an improved and efficient manner. In particular, a message may be transmitted to all members of a group, each member of the group responding to receipt of the message with an acknowledgement message. Further, facility is provided to allow for transmissions of reminder messages in the event one or members of a group do not respond to a message with an acknowledgement.

Abstract: A coupler for providing coupling for power line communications between the power lines carrying different phases of the power. The coupler engages an ordinary wall outlet such as 220 volt outlet and includes a receptacle for a 220 volt plug. Internally, the adaptor has high frequency coupling between the power lines. The coupling presents a high impedence to the power signal.

Abstract: A coupler providing coupling for power line communications between the power lines carrying different phases of the power. The coupler engages an ordinary wall outlet such as a 220 volt outlet and includes a receptacle for a 220 volt plug. Internally, the adaptor has high frequency coupling between the power lines. The coupling presents a high impedence to the power signal.