Abstract: A system and method used in the training of animals includes applying signals in two parts to the animal. The first part is a first conditioned stimulus cue signal having a first duration. The commencement of this signal is followed by the commencement of an unconditioned stimulus signal of a second duration. The commencement of the unconditioned stimulus signal may be either before the end of the first conditioned stimulus cue signal, simultaneous with the end of the first conditioned stimulus cue signal, or after a time interval of no signals between the end of the first conditioned stimulus cue signal and the commencement of the unconditioned stimulus signal. The signals may be electrical stimulation, vibration, sound, light, or odor. The first conditioned stimulus cue signal is used to catch the animal's attention; and the unconditioned stimulus signal is selected to be behaviorally significant to the animal for use in training of the animal.

Abstract: A furnace to contain molten zinc, molten aluminum, or other molten metal has an outer vessel, an inner vessel, and particulate matter packed therebetween so as to enable the inner vessel to be lifted readily from the outer vessel. Electrical conductors are imbedded in said matter and arranged to close an electrical circuit including a signalling means if bridged by any molten metal leaking from the inner vessel. The furnace is provided with a removable bonnet, a beam mounted across the inner vessel, and a partition mounted to and beneath the beam so as to extend into the molten metal deeply. The inner and outer vessels, the removable bonnet, and the beam are insulative. The partition is a good conductor of heat.