Abstract: An emulsion composition comprises water, a hydrocarbon distillate having a boiling point of 215 to 325° C., and a surfactant having a hydrophilic lipophilic balance number of 10 or less. A vehicle composition, an ink composition, a lithographic printing process and a method to improve a lithographic printing process comprise the emulsion composition which when used in a lithographic printing ink can reduce emission of volatile organic compounds and reduce the time at start-up to establish print quality.

Abstract: An emulsion composition comprises water, a hydrocarbon distillate having a boiling point of 215 to 325° C., and a surfactant having a hydrophilic lipophilic balance number of 10 or less. A vehicle composition, an ink composition, a lithographic printing process and a method to improve a lithographic printing process comprise the emulsion composition which when used in a lithographic printing ink can reduce emission of volatile organic compounds and reduce the time at start-up to establish print quality.

Abstract: Water-in-oil emulsion explosive compositions comprising a) an aqueous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen supplying component wherein said oxygen supplying component comprises at least 50% by weight of prilled agricultural grade ammonium nitrate, b) an organic phase, comprising at least one organic fuel and c) an emulsifying amount of an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group substituted succinic emulsifier composition, said succinic emulsifier composition having at least one of succinic ester groups, succinic amide groups, succinic imine groups, succinic ester-amide and succinimide groups, and mixtures thereof, wherein each of said groups is substituted with an aminoalkyl group, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon based group contains from about 18 up to about 500 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A putty-like water-in-oil emulsion composition comprising a) an aqueous phase, said aqueous phase comprising water and an inorganic salt, wherein a portion of the inorganic salt is present in aqueous solution and a portion is present in crystalline form, b) an organic phase comprising at least one hydrocarbon, and c) an associated mixture of an emulsifying amount of at least one emulsifying agent comprising at least one of hydroxy groups and amino groups; said emulsifying agent suitable for forming a water-in-oil emulsion, and an acylated hydrocarbon polymer, said hydrocarbon polymer having {overscore (M)}n ranging from about 2,000 to about 6,000.

Abstract: A stabilized water-in-oil energetic emulsion composition comprising a) an aqueous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen supplying component; b) an organic phase comprising at least one organic fuel; c) an emulsifying amount of at least one emulsifying agent suitable for forming a water-in-oil emulsion; and d) an emulsion stabilizer comprising a hydrocarbon polymer, said hydrocarbon polymer having {overscore (M)}n ranging from about 2,000 to about 6,000, provided that said emulsion composition is essentially free of any polyvalent inorganic agent that is capable of cross-linking with the emulsifying agent or the emulsion stabilizer.

Abstract: A putty-like water-in-oil emulsion composition comprising a) an aqueous phase, said aqueous phase comprising water and an inorganic salt, wherein a portion of the inorganic salt is present in aqueous solution and a portion is present in crystalline form, b) an organic phase comprising at least one hydrocarbon, and c) an associated mixture of an emulsifying amount of at least one emulsifying agent comprising at least one of hydroxy groups and amino groups; said emulsifying agent suitable for forming a water-in-oil emulsion, and an acylated hydrocarbon polymer, said hydrocarbon polymer having {overscore (M)}n ranging from about 2,000 to about 6,000.

Abstract: A stabilized water-in-oil energetic emulsion composition comprising a) an aqueous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen supplying component; b) an organic phase comprising at least one organic fuel; c) an emulsifying amount of at least one emulsifying agent suitable for forming a water-in-oil emulsion; and d) an emulsion stabilizer comprising a hydrocarbon polymer, said hydrocarbon polymer having {overscore (M)}n ranging from about 2,000 to about 6,000, provided that said emulsion composition is essentially free of any polyvalent inorganic agent that is capable of cross-linking with the emulsifying agent or the emulsion stabilizer.

Abstract: Water-in-oil emulsion explosive compositions comprising a) an aqueous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen supplying component wherein said oxygen supplying component comprises at least 50% by weight of prilled agricultural grade ammonium nitrate, b) an organic phase, comprising at least one organic fuel and c) an emulsifying amount of an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group substituted succinic emulsifier composition, said succinic emulsifier composition having at least one of succinic ester groups, succinic amide groups, succinic imine groups, succinic ester-amide and succinimide groups, and mixtures thereof, wherein each of said groups is substituted with an aminoalkyl group, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon based group contains from about 18 up to about 500 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Electrorheological systems of improved temperature range are obtained by including within the system a solid polymer insoluble in a low molecular weight activating material and in the hydrophobic medium of the fluid. The polymer contains hydrophilic functionality, and in the polymer a portion of the low molecular weight polar activating material is sorbed in an amount which reversibly increases with increasing temperature.

Abstract: Electrorheological systems of improved temperature range are obtained by including within the system a solid polymer insoluble in a low molecular weight activating material and in the hydrophobic medium of the fluid. The polymer contains hydrophilic functionality, and in the polymer a portion of the low molecular weight polar activating material is sorbed in an amount which reversibly increases with increasing temperature.

Abstract: An electrorheological fluid having good shear stress and improved (reduced) conductivity comprises a hydrophobic liquid phase and, dispersed therein, electrorheologically active particles of a core particle with a coating of at least one polysaccharide which is dispersible in a protic medium.