Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reducing tin whisker formation in tin deposits by plating on an underlying metal tin deposits which are predominantly in a predetermined crystal orientation that essentially matches that of the underlying metal in order to inhibit tin whisker growth. The most preferred crystal orientation is one that is the same as that of the underlying metal. The deposit preferably contains at least 95% tin and optionally at least one alloying element of silver, bismuth, copper or zinc in an amount of 5% or less. Advantageously, the tin deposits are provided during electroplating from a specially formulated plating solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides inter alia copper electroplating compositions, methods for use of the compositions and products formed by the compositions. Electroplating compositions of the invention contain an increased brightener concentration that can provide effective copper plate on difficult-to-plate aperture walls, including high aspect ratio, small diameter microvias.

Abstract: Disclosed are electrolyte compositions for depositing tin-copper alloys that are substantially free of lead. Also disclosed are methods of plating tin-copper alloys that are substantially free of lead on substrates and uses for such plated substrates.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of repairing metal seed layers prior to subsequent metallization. Such repair methods provide metal seed layers disposed on a substrate that are substantially free of metal oxide and substantially free of discontinuities.

Abstract: An electrolyte, system and process for depositing tin, lead or tin/lead alloys upon a substrate by high speed electroplating, which includes a basis solution of an alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid; and at least one of a solution soluble tin compound or a solution soluble lead compound; and an alkylene oxide condensation compound of (1) an aliphatic hydrocarbon having seven, preferably six or less, carbon atoms and at least one hydroxy group, or (2) an organic compound having no more than a total of twenty carbon atoms in one or two independent or joined rings optionally substituted with an alkyl moeity of less than six carbon atoms.

Abstract: An electrolyte, system and process for depositing tin, lead or tin/lead alloys upon a substrate by high speed electroplating, which includes a basis solution of an alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid; and at least one of a solution soluble tin compound or a solution soluble lead compound; and an alkylene oxide condensation compound of (1) an aliphatic hydrocarbon having seven, preferably six or less carbon atoms and at least one hydroxy group, or (2) an aromatic organic compound having at least one hydroxyl group and no more than two independent or joined rings optionally substituted with an alkyl moiety of a total of twenty carbon atoms in one or six carbon atoms or less.