Abstract: In a device and method for increasing the solids content of an image formed from a liquid developer, absorption material is contacted with a toner dispersant laden image, and the absorbed dispersant is vacuumed out of the absorption material. The absorption material preferably is a conductive cover on a porous roller biased with an electrical charge which is the same as the charge of the toner particles, such that the resulting electric field repels the toner particles from the absorption material so that minimal toner particles are transferred to the absorption material.

Abstract: A toner image is transferred from an electrostatographic imaging member to an image receiving substrate. A biased transfer member in the form of a roller or a belt forms a nip with the imaging member. A compliant intermediate transport member passes through the nip for receiving a toner image from the imaging member. The intermediate transport member is preferably semiconductive, and self-discharges in less than one second. In a preferred process for transferring the toner image to a conductive conformable intermediate, both the intermediate transport member and the biased transfer roller are conductive.

Abstract: A duplex fusing system has a pressure roller which includes a compliant surface which evenly distributes contact pressures to reduce displacement of a previously fused image. The compliant layer conforms to the surface of a substrate sheet and toner on that surface, thereby ensuring that the toner does not migrate when the toner is reheated to a liquid state.

Abstract: The telescope sight of a weapon may be utilized to provide both day and night spotting of a target aligned with the optical axis of the telescope by means of a point source or collimated source of visible or infrared light mounted in a housing on the eyepiece end of the telescope. The light is located on the optical axis of the telescope. When the telescope is mounted on a rifle or other weapon and the projected beam from the light source is aligned with the weapon trajectory, the spot of light designated by the beam indicates the target of interest.

Abstract: A microscopic voltage controlled field emission electron amplifier device consists of a dense array of field emission cathodes with individual cathode impedances employed to modulate and control the field emission currents of the device. These impedances are selected to be sensitive to an external stimulus such as light, x-rays, infrared radiation or particle bombardment; so that the field emission current varies spacially in proportion to the intensity of the controlling stimulus. When a phosphorus screen or other suitable responsive element is provided, the device functions as a solid state image convertor or intensifier.

Abstract: A safety shut-off protection system is provided for a light responsive system such as video cameras, image intensifiers, thermal imagers, or the like. The light responsive system further includes several series-connected, normally-closed, light responsive photoelectric Darlington safety switches. These safety switches are located to receive light along with the light responsive systems. Light exceeding a threshold intensity impinging on any one of the Darlington safety switches causes such a switch to operate to deactivate the light sensitive system.

Abstract: An infrared zoom illuminator is contained in a cylindrical housing which may be hand-held. Power is provided to an infrared laser light source from batteries contained in the housing, and a micro lens made of gradient index material is placed between a light exit opening in the housing and the laser light source. Provision is made for selectively interconnecting and disconnecting the light source from the power supply and for changing the distance between the laser light source and the lens. This changes the focus of light exiting from the device from a predetermined maximum divergence, for illuminating a zone, down to the collimated narrow beam of light produced by the laser light source.

Abstract: A gradient index zoom illuminator which may be used for visible or infrared illumination comprises a housing which has a light exit opening in it. A point or collimated light source is mounted in the housing. A gradient index lens, having a central axis, also is mounted in the housing between the light source and the light exit opening in the housing; and the light source is located on the axis of the lens. Focusing of the light exiting from the light exit opening of the housing is accomplished by changing the relative distance between the light source and the gradient index lens to vary the beam of emitted light from a maximum divergence to to a narrow collimated beam.

Abstract: A safety light responsive shutoff switch is provided for a hand-held infrared laser light source to prevent irreparable eye damage to persons who may inadvertently look into the light exit opening of the laser light source while it is operating. This is accomplished by concentrically mounting normally-closed infrared light responsive photoelectric Darlington safety switches around the light exit end of the light source. Light reflected from the laser light source off an object intruding into the laser beam within a danger zone (typically zero inches to ten inches from the light exit opening) produces reflected light at the frequency of the laser light source of sufficient intensity to operate the photoelectric Darlington safety switch devices to turn off the power supply to the laser light source. Light reflected from objects which are outside of the danger zone is of insufficient intensity to operate the light responsive safety switches.

Abstract: An infrared flash unit, for use with camera employing infrared film, is mounted in a housing having a base configured to fit on the normal flash unit attachment of a standard camera. The housing has a front panel with an array of eight individual reflectors, each having an infrared light emitting diode or laser diode in it. A power supply is connected through a pulse driver circuit to the diodes, each of which are connected in series with a corresponding switch. The diode and switch combination are connected in parallel with one another and in series with the pulse driver circuit. Different combinations of diodes are selected for operation in accordance with the shutter speed and range of the camera. The pulse driver circuit supplies energizing pulses to the selected diodes at a repetition rate and duty cycle selected to match the primary infrared wave length of the diodes and the film used in the camera to reduce fogging due to background infrared light.

Abstract: A bioluminescent simulator for use as an underwater attractant for aquatic creatures, such as fish and crab, is in the form of a power supply, monostable multivibrator, and a green light-emitting diode, all potted in a clear acrylic epoxy potting material with an on/off power supply switch constituting a pair of spaced-apart conductive lugs extending out of the potted housing. The housing is waterproof and the lugs permit power to be supplied from the power supply to the light source when a conductive switching bar is slipped over the lugs and tightened them. The switching bar has on tie-on rings on the opposite ends to permit the simulator to be tied to a fishing line, crab pot, or the like.

Abstract: Polarized ophthalmic glass lenses are made from conventional ophthalmic glass. This is accomplished by heating a sheet of ophthalmic glass, which includes a reducible metal oxide as part of its composition, to its softening point in a reducing atmosphere for a time interval sufficient to reduce the metal oxide to metal to a predetermined depth on at least one surface of the sheet. Following this reduction of the metal oxide, the sheet is held at an elevated temperature to permit the reduced oxides to nucleate. Then, the sheet is stretched in one direction to elongate the nucleated metal particles in parallel lines. The glass then is shaped, cut into lenses, permitted to cool, and the outer surface of the lens blanks are ground and polished in a conventional manner, leaving the stretched elongated metal particles on the inner surface thereof to create polarized ophthalmic lenses.

Abstract: Polarized ophthalmic glass lenses are made from conventional ophthalmic glass. This is accomplished by heating a sheet of ophthalmic glass, which includes a reducible metal oxide as part of its composition, to its softening point in a reducing atmosphere for a time interval sufficient to reduce the metal oxide to metal to a predetermined depth on at least one surface of the sheet. Following this reduction of the metal oxide, the sheet is held at an elevated temperature to permit the reduced oxides to nucleate. Then, the sheet is stretched in one direction to elongate the nucleated metal particles in parallel lines. The glass then is shaped, cut into lenses, permitted to cool, and the outer surface of the lens blanks are ground and polished in a conventional manner, leaving the stretched elongated metal particles on the inner surface thereof to create polarized ophthalmic lenses.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of fabricating and assembling the electrodes of an electron discharge device and includes in one illustrative embodiment the steps of processing within a first evacuated chamber an electrode such as a photocathode element, processing within a second evacuated chamber another portion(s) or electrode(s) of the device, assembling the first and second chambers together, evacuating the space therebetween, and assembling the photocathode element with another portion of the device. This assembling process is dependent upon providing an appropriate vacuum tight seal for both the first and second chambers which will withstand the processing temperatures and the vacuum established within the chambers, and which may be easily penetrated to bring the photocathode element and the portion of the electron discharge device together.