Abstract: This invention discloses a handheld, portable fluid analyzer apparatus and system that allows for in-home or in-field chemical and physical analysis of various fluids. The fluid analyzer apparatus is portable and consists of an electronic reader and a cup used for collection of the fluid sample that is outfitted with various cartridges. The electronic reader uses a plurality of sensing methods in order to analyze the sampled fluid without coming in contact with the fluid The system consists of the apparatus which communicates with a server via a mobile device, router or Gateway. The apparatus utilizes a plurality of wireless communication methods to relay application specific and device management data to a server.

Abstract: A network operating center for a network comprising known-location and unknown-location nodes can be configured to receive from each unknown-location node estimates of the distances from that node to each of its neighbor nodes. The network controller can then choose an initial location estimate for each unknown-location node and compute distances from the initial location estimates to the corresponding neighbor nodes. The network operating center can then choose subsequent location estimates of the unknown-location nodes by minimizing an error criterion based on a comparison of the received neighbor node distance estimates with the computed neighbor node distances.

Abstract: A network operating center for a network comprising known-location and unknown-location nodes can be configured to receive from each unknown-location node estimates of the distances from that node to each of its neighbor nodes. The network controller can then choose an initial location estimate for each unknown-location node and compute distances from the initial location estimates to the corresponding neighbor nodes. The network operating center can then choose subsequent location estimates of the unknown-location nodes by minimizing an error criterion based on a comparison of the received neighbor node distance estimates with the computed neighbor node distances.