Abstract: A process for treating nitrophenolic by-products contained in nitration waste water including the steps of solvent extraction, solvent and nitrophenolic residue recovery by distillation, and incineration of the nitrophenolic residue is disclosed. The extraction process involves the extraction of the nitrophenolic by-products from the nitration waste water utilizing a solvent in the presence of an acid at an elevated temperature and acidic pH. The extraction produces a nitrophenolic solvent solution which is subjected to a distillation to recover the solvent for reuse and produce a residue containing the nitrophenolic materials. The residue can be disposed of by incineration.

Abstract: A two-stage process for the co-production of aniline and m-phenylenediamine where, in the first stage, benzene, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid are reacted in a liquid phase to produce in greater amounts nitrobenzene (approximately 70%) and m-dinitrobenzene (approximately 30%), and in lesser or trace amounts o-dinitrobenzene and p-dinitrobenzene, and water; and in the second stage the products of the first stage are reacted with hydrogen in the gas phase to produce aniline (approximately 70%) and m-phenylenediamine (approximately 30%) in greater amounts, and o-phenylenediamine and p-phenylenediamine in lesser amounts, and water. The reaction products are separated by distillation.

Abstract: In a xerographic image transfer device, copy sheets are sequentially aligned and position sensed before introduction to the image transfer zone. The position sensing is used to compare the copy sheet location with the position of the image panel on a moving photoconductor. The timing and velocity profile of the copy sheet drive after the position sensing is arranged so that the copy sheet arrives in registry with the image panel and at the same velocity.

Abstract: In a document copier machine an almost completely enclosed optics module is provided to keep the optical components isolated from the remainder of the machine and thereby minimize contamination of the optical components. The described module has three large openings. One of these openings is an air inlet which opens to the exterior of the machine for bringing cooling air to a fan located inside the module. The second opening is an air outlet to allow the optics cooling air to exit. The third opening is critical to contamination and is an aperture which opens to the interior of the machine to allow illumination to pass from the optics module to a photoreceptive surface. In order to prevent air flow into the module through the aperture, louvers are situated at the fan to direct an airstream onto a first Coanda surface to move air toward the aperture.