Abstract: Described are methods of preparing reduced 3,7-diamino-10H-phenothiazine (DAPTZ) compounds of formula: wherein: R1 and R9 are independently selected from: —H; C1-4alkyl; C2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C1-4alkyl; each of R3NA and R3NB is independently selected from: —H; C1-4alkyl; C2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C1-4alkyl; each of R7NA and R7NB is independently selected from: —H; C1-4alkyl; C2-4alkenyl; and halogenated C1-4alkyl; each of HX1 and HX2 is independently a protic acid; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, and hydrates thereof. These methods are particularly useful for producing stable reduced forms, and with high purity. The stability and purity are especially relevant for pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of disease. The compounds are useful for treatment of e.g. tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease, and also as prodrugs for the corresponding oxidized thioninium drugs.

Abstract: Systems and methods to determine and ensure proper usage technique of a respiratory medicament device for a respiratory ailment. Medication data relating to a medication plan for a patient is collected and used to determine the respiratory medicament device type in use. For respiratory medicament device types requiring multiple consecutive uses, use data is collected and used to determine proper or improper use technique based on the timing between consecutive uses of the respiratory medicament device. Notification of proper or improper usage technique are provided based on the determined usage technique. Real-time monitoring of the use data is used to provide directions on the required timing of consecutive uses of the respiratory medicament device and thus ensure proper usage technique.

Abstract: A portable induction heater is disclosed. In one construction, the portable induction heater is generally composed of a housing and a lid coupled to the housing. The lid has one or more apertures and a chamber coupled to at least one of the one or more apertures. The chamber is positioned in proximity to an induction heating element within the housing. A system for heating a hand held administration device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A portable induction heater is disclosed. In one construction, the portable induction heater is generally composed of a housing and a lid coupled to the housing. The lid has one or more apertures and a chamber coupled to at least one of the one or more apertures. The chamber is positioned in proximity to an induction heating element within the housing. A system for heating a hand held administration device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A portable induction heater is disclosed. The portable induction heater is generally composed of a housing and a lid coupled to the housing. The lid has one or more apertures and a chamber coupled to at least one of the one or more apertures. The chamber is positioned in proximity to an induction heating element within the housing. A lid toggle lever is rotatably coupled to the lid to cover and uncover at least one of the one or more apertures so as to provide access to the chamber positioned in proximity to the induction heating element within the housing. A system for heating a hand held administration device is also disclosed.

Abstract: Hypothesis analysis methods, hypothesis analysis devices, and articles of manufacture are described according to some aspects. In one aspect, a hypothesis analysis method includes providing a hypothesis, providing an indicator which at least one of supports and refutes the hypothesis, using the indicator, associating evidence with the hypothesis, weighting the association of the evidence with the hypothesis, and using the weighting, providing information regarding the accuracy of the hypothesis.

Abstract: Methods of defining ontologies, word disambiguation methods, computer systems, and articles of manufacture are described according to some aspects. In one aspect, a word disambiguation method includes accessing textual content to be disambiguated, wherein the textual content comprises a plurality of words individually comprising a plurality of word senses, for an individual word of the textual content, identifying one of the word senses of the word as indicative of the meaning of the word in the textual content, for the individual word, selecting one of a plurality of event classes of a lexical database ontology using the identified word sense of the individual word, and for the individual word, associating the selected one of the event classes with the textual content to provide disambiguation of a meaning of the individual word in the textual content.