Abstract: The present invention provides a coating for a transparent substrate which exhibits a “neutral” color through a wide range of angles of incidence of light. The coating employs a base coat adjacent the transparent substrate having a thickness of no more than about 275 Å and may include two reflective metal layers having an intermediate layer of an anti-reflective metal oxide therebetween and an outer anti-reflective layer of metal oxide over the second reflective metal layer. If so desired, the coating of the invention may include an abrasive-resistant overcoat as its outermost layer. This overcoat is desirably formed of an abrasive-resistant metal oxide, such as zinc oxide, applied at a thickness which does not significantly affect the optical properties of said coated substrate.

Abstract: A dynamic fluid control surface, e.g., a rotor blade of a helicopter, having a blowing slot extending the entire length of the leading and trailing edges of the dynamic fluid control surface, an internal chamber containing a pressurized fluid, e.g., air, and one or more piezoelectric actuators positioned along the length of the blowing slots and connected to the internal chamber. The piezoelectric actuators are controlled by a computer system to regulate the flow of fluid released through the blowing slot. There may be one or more blowing slots on either just the trailing edge of a dynamic fluid control surface or on both the leading edge and the trailing edge of the dynamic fluid control surface.

Abstract: A gravity motor using the potential energy of an initial mass located at a relative height. This potential energy can be converted into kinetic energy. This gravity motor comprises a storage bin (26) able to contain a quantity of fragmented material (39) and having a base (28) with a first chute (30) to take the fragmented material (39) out of the base (28), a second chute (34) with an exit (58) and a guiding cylinder (32) of the exit (58), a wheel (60) with vanes (61) that rotate a rotor (46). While rotating, each vane (61) can collect a volume of the fragmented material (39) and act as a torque around a central axis, thus causing the rotation of the wheel around the central axis, at a velocity corresponding to the kinetic energy of the volume of the fragmented material (39). The rotor (46) comprises means for articulated fastening to a machinery part.

Abstract: Transparent articles comprising transparent, nonmetallic substrate and a transparent film stack is sputter deposited on the substrate. The film stack is characterized by including at least one infrared reflective metal film, a dielectric film over the metal film, and a protective silicon nitride film of 10 .ANG. to 150 .ANG. in thickness over the said dielectric film. The dielectric film desirably has substantially the same index of refraction as does silicon nitride and is contiguous with the silicon nitride film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coating for a transparent substrate which exhibits a neutral color through a wide range of angles of incidence a light. The coating employs a base coat adjacent to the transparent substrate having a thickness of no more than about 275 Angstroms and may include two reflective metal layers having an intermediate layer of an anti-reflective metal oxide therebetween and an outer anti-reflective layer of metal oxide over the second reflective metal layer. If so desired, the coating of the invention may include an abrasive-resistant overcoat as its outer most layer. This overcoat is desirably formed of an abrasive-resistant metal oxide, such as zinc oxide, applied at a thickness which does not significantly affect the optical properties of said coated substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high transmittance, low emissivity film stack having an overcoat of an oxide of a metal chosen from the group of zinc, tin, indium, or bismuth, or an alloy including one or more of these metals, the oxide being applied in a thickness sufficiently low as to have no significant affect upon the optical properties of the coated substrate. That is, if the overcoat is lost through abrasion or chemical attack, the loss will not significantly affect the optical properties of the coating. The resulting film stack exhibits significantly enhanced durability as compared to a film stack without such an overcoat. In a preferred embodiment, a film stack of the invention includes at least one reflective metal layer, an outer, scratch-resistant metal oxide overcoat, and a metal oxide layer between the silver layer and the overcoat which is less scratch resistant than the overcoat.

Abstract: There are disclosed copolymers of aromatic vinyl compounds, e.g., styrene, and conjugated diolefins, e.g., butadiene, possessing a differential content of the aromatic vinyl compound such that in at least one of the end portions of the copolymer the differential content shows a sharp and substantial increase in the direction of the outer extremity of the end portion. Preferred compolymers are styrene-butadiene copolymers having a vinyl content of at least 30%. In special embodiments, the copolymer have a styrene content changing in a portion of no more than 5% of the copolymer chain from a first value to a second value, the second value being at least 25 percentage points greater than the first value, and the portion is present within a 10% terminal portion of the copolymer. The copolymers are useful in the tread portions of tires as tires containing such copolymers in the tread composition have improved rolling resistance and/or grip on wet road surfaces.

Abstract: A compaction table control system includes a variable speed vibratory motor having an eccentric weight coupled to a compaction table. The motor is operated according to acceleration of sand in a flask to vary the motor speed and thus the acceleration of the sand.

Abstract: There is disclosed copolymers of aromatic vinyl compounds, e.g., styrene, and conjugated diolefins, e.g., butadiene, possessing a differential content of the aromatic vinyl compound such that in at least one of the end portions of the copolymer the differential content shows a sharp and substantial increase in the direction of the outer extremity of the end portion. Preferred copolymers are styrene-butadiene copolymers having a vinyl content of at least 30%. In special embodiments, the copolymers have a styrene content changing in a portion of no more than 5% of the copolymer chain from a first value to a second value, the second value being at least 25 percentage points greater than the first value, and the portion is present within a 10% terminal portion of the copolymer. The copolymers are useful in the tread portions of tires as tires containing such copolymers in the tread composition have improved rolling resistance and/or grip on wet road surfaces.

Abstract: An apparatus usable for cleaning foreign material from the internal and external surfaces of a part, including a container of particulate media, a vibration generator for the container which creates an amplitude and frequency which will fluidize the media, and means for suspending the part in the fluidized media. The suspending means is vibrated at an amplitude and frequency different from the amplitude and frequency of the container whereby the fluidized media will clean the foreign material from the internal and external surfaces of the part.

Abstract: A tire whose tread comprises as elastomer a styrene-butadiene or a styrene-isoprene co-polymer having a glass transition temperature above minus 50.degree. C., said composition having a rebound resilience of 55% or more.The glass transition temperature is preferably between minus 40.degree. C. and minus 25.degree. C. and the rebound resilience is preferably between 60% and 70%.

Abstract: Tires having good grip on wet road surfaces and low frictional resistance to rolling on the road surface have treads formed from vulcanisates of elastomer compositions comprising a major component consisting of one or more polymers having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of minus 50.degree. C. or lower temperature, and a minor component consisting of one or more polymers having a glass transition temperature of ambient temperature or higher temperature. The major component can consist of one or more rubbery polymers selected from natural rubbers, polybutadienes synthetic polyisoprenes and rubbery styrene-butadiene copolymers; and the minor component can consist of a resinous styrene-butadiene co-polymer.

Abstract: Tires having good grip on wet road surfaces and low frictional resistance to rolling on the road surface have treads formed from vulcanizates of elastomer compositions comprising one or more polymers having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of minus 50.degree. or lower blended with a non-cross-linking polymer or heavy oil. Suitable non-cross-linking polymers are polyisobutylenes, especially ones having a molecular weight of 1.06 to 1.44 million which are very effective with natural rubber, polybutadienes and/or styrene-butadiene copolymers as the low Tg polymers.

Abstract: A tire whose tread comprises as elastomer a styrene-butadiene or a styrene-isoprene co-polymer having a glass transition temperature above minus 50.degree. C., said composition having a rebound resilience of 55% or more.The glass transition temperature is preferably between minus 40.degree. C. and minus 25.degree. C. and the rebound resilience is preferably between 60% and 70%.

Abstract: A tire having a tread with improved wet grip characteristics. The tread is made from a composition which has specific loss factor values measured in high and low frequency ranges defined herein.

Abstract: A sample of material is tested to determine its elastic properties by generating a stress wave from a first transducer and comparing the stress wave received by a second transducer positioned on the opposite side of the sample to the first transducer. The phase shift and attenuation are used to calculate the elastic properties of the material.

Abstract: A tire stud comprises a cylindrical body portion having embedded in one end and protruding therefrom a cylindrical tip of hard wearing material for engaging a road surface. The stud is designed to reduce road surface damage without significantly affecting the grip of the stud on the road surface.

Abstract: A road surface comprising a blend of at least two aggregate materials disposed in a binder matrix and having different rates of wear as judged by the aggregate test B.S.812 1967, each aggregate material comprising individual aggregate particles of a size such that they will be retained on a British Standard 1/4 inch sieve, or its metric equivalent, and will pass through a British Standard 3/4 inch sieve, or its metric equivalent, and having a surface micro-texture in the range defined by asperity heights of a minimum texture depth of 5 microns and a maximum texture of 500 microns, the individual aggregate particles being disposed in the binder matrix so that the shortest distance between any two adjacent particles is 1 to 6 mm and the texture depth of the aggregate particles in the binder matrix is between 1 and 5 mm, of which the following is a specification.