Abstract: A silicon material can include a silicon aggregate comprising a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles welded together. The silicon aggregate can optionally have a polyhedral morphology. A method can include: receiving a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles and cold welding the plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles into an aggregated silicon particle.

Abstract: A silicon material can include a silicon aggregate comprising a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles welded together. The silicon aggregate can optionally have a polyhedral morphology. A method can include: receiving a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles and cold welding the plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles into an aggregated silicon particle.

Abstract: A silicon material can include a composition with at least about 50% silicon, at most about 45% carbon, and at most about 10 % oxygen. The silicon material can have an external expansion that is less than about 40%. The silicon material can include silicon nanoparticles, which can cooperatively form clusters. The silicon nanoparticles can be porous.

Abstract: A silicon material can include particles with a size between about 10 nanometers and 10 micrometers, where the particles can be porous or nonporous, and a coating disposed on the particles, wherein a thickness of the coating can be between about 1 nm and 1 ?m. The coating can optionally include a carbon coating, graphite coating, or a polymeric coating.

Abstract: A method can include milling a plurality of silicon particles to form a plurality of milled silicon particles. The milled silicon particles can optionally include collecting the milled silicon particles, powdering the milled silicon particles, and milling the milled silicon particles a second time.

Abstract: A silicon material can include a silicon aggregate comprising a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles welded together. The silicon aggregate can optionally have a polyhedral morphology. A method can include: receiving a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles and cold welding the plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles into an aggregated silicon particle.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a silicon material can include comminuting a silicon material. A silicon material can include silicon nanoparticles formed by comminuting silicon particles, where the silicon nanoparticles can cooperatively form pores.

Abstract: A battery can include a lithium cathode, a silicon anode, a separator between the lithium cathode and the silicon anode, and an electrolyte. The silicon anode can include a silicon particle with an external volume expansion that is at most about 15% when the silicon particles are fully lithiated. A capacity of the silicon anode can be between about 1.05 and 1.5 times the capacity of the lithium cathode.

Abstract: A silicon material can include particles with a size between about 10 nanometers and 10 micrometers, where the particles can be porous or nonporous, and a coating disposed on the particles, wherein a thickness of the coating can be between about 1 nm and 1 ?m. The coating can optionally include a carbon coating, graphite coating, or a polymeric coating.

Abstract: A method for coating a silicon material can include mixing the silicon material with a coating reagent, and heating the mixture of the silicon material and the coating reagent to a treatment temperature for a treatment time. The silicon material can optionally include primary particles that are clustered into secondary particles. The resulting coating can optionally include carbon coating, graphite coating, or a polymeric coating.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printing kit includes a build material composition and a dielectric agent. The build material composition includes a fluorinated polymeric material having an effective relative permittivity (?r) value ranging from >3 to ?10,000. The dielectric agent includes a dielectric material having an effective relative permittivity (?r) value ranging from ?1.1 to about ?10,000.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing porous silicon can include reducing unpurified silica in the presence of a reducing agent to prepare a porous silicon material. A porous silicon material including silicon nanoparticles and clusters of silicon nanoparticles, where the pores are cooperatively defined by the nanoparticles within the clusters.

Abstract: A silicon material can include a composition with at least about 50% silicon, at most about 45% carbon, and at most about 10 % oxygen. The silicon material can have an external expansion that is less than about 40%. The silicon material can include silicon nanoparticles, which can cooperatively form clusters. The silicon nanoparticles can be porous.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing porous silicon can include reducing unpurified silica in the presence of a reducing agent to prepare a porous silicon material. The method of manufacture can optionally include purifying a silica, exposing the silica to reaction modifiers, purifying the mixture of the silica and reaction modifiers, comminuting the silica, purifying the silicon, coating the silicon, post-processing the silicon, and/or any suitable steps.

Abstract: One example of a flexible printed article includes a non-conductive, graphene oxide membrane base substrate; and an electronic component positioned on the non-conductive, graphene oxide membrane base substrate. An example method for generating this example of the flexible printed article includes inkjet printing a conductive ink directly on the non-conductive graphene oxide membrane base substrate.

Abstract: A porous silicon material including silicon nanoparticles and clusters of silicon nanoparticles, where the pores are cooperatively defined by the nanoparticles within the clusters.

Abstract: Pyrolysis (carbonization) of various plastics, including recycled plastic, can generate carbonaceous materials cheaply and in bulk, which can then be converted into energy storage device materials, e.g., carbon anode active material for Li-ion batteries. The plastic can be dissolved in a suitable solvent or acid, or can be melted. Once liquefied it can be loaded into vessels for extrusion via an electrospinner. Polymer fibers may be formed from the liquefied plastic on the nano- and micro scales, and collected on a substrate, forming a fabric. These fibers can be converted to high purity carbon and used as electrode materials in batteries and supercapacitors. The fibers can also be coated with Ppy prior to pyrolysis; this helps fibers retain their morphology during carbonization. The fibers can also be loaded with additive particles to enhance their electrochemical performance or alter the composite properties.