Abstract: A crank impact and wear protection article. The crank arm includes a crank body and an impact and wear protection article coupled with the crank body.

Abstract: Method, apparatuses, and systems are described to display image data to a sub-pixel within a micro-LED (mLED) display. A sub-pixel image data value is stored at the sub-pixel. The sub-pixel is turned to an ON state. A shared row counter value is provided to the sub-pixel. The shared row counter value and the sub-pixel image data value are compared at the sub-pixel. The sub-pixel is turned to an OFF state if the shared row counter value is equal to or greater than the sub-pixel image data value.

Abstract: Method, apparatuses, and systems are described to display image data to a sub-pixel within a micro-LED (mLED) display. A sub-pixel image data value is stored at the sub-pixel. The sub-pixel is turned to an ON state. A shared row counter value is provided to the sub-pixel. The shared row counter value and the sub-pixel image data value are compared at the sub-pixel. The sub-pixel is turned to an OFF state if the shared row counter value is equal to or greater than the sub-pixel image data value.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for a source computer to generate an encoded video stream having layered sub-streams with differing bitrates while allowing a streaming server to intelligently distribute the appropriate sub-streams to recipients based on their available bandwidth. This may be accomplished by having the source computer generate and send metadata along with the encoded stream to allow the streaming server to detect which data packets belong to each sub-stream. The streaming server is then able to selectively send consistent video sub-streams at appropriate bitrates to each recipient.

Abstract: In communication between first and second endpoints, packets include respective sequence numbers reflecting a sequential order of transmission. The second endpoint (1) identifies reception times for the packets, and stores the sequence number and reception time of each received packet, and (2) sends packet report messages to the first endpoint, each identifying (i) a respective received packet by its position within the sequential order of transmission of the packets, and (ii) the reception time of the received packet. The first endpoint (1) receives the packet report messages from the second endpoint, and (2) processes the packet report messages to (i) detect missing packets not identified as received in the packet report messages, and initiating re-transmission of the missing packets, and (ii) based on the reception times for the received packets, calculate time-based performance characteristics for the communications link for use in higher-level control of the communications link.

Abstract: In communication between first and second endpoints, packets include respective sequence numbers reflecting a sequential order of transmission. The second endpoint (1) identifies reception times for the packets, and stores the sequence number and reception time of each received packet, and (2) sends packet report messages to the first endpoint, each identifying (i) a respective received packet by its position within the sequential order of transmission of the packets, and (ii) the reception time of the received packet. The first endpoint (1) receives the packet report messages from the second endpoint, and (2) processes the packet report messages to (i) detect missing packets not identified as received in the packet report messages, and initiating re-transmission of the missing packets, and (ii) based on the reception times for the received packets, calculate time-based performance characteristics for the communications link for use in higher-level control of the communications link.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for a source computer to generate an encoded video stream having layered sub-streams with differing bitrates while allowing a streaming server to intelligently distribute the appropriate sub-streams to recipients based on their available bandwidth. This may be accomplished by having the source computer generate and send metadata along with the encoded stream to allow the streaming server to detect which data packets belong to each sub-stream. The streaming server is then able to selectively send consistent video sub-streams at appropriate bitrates to each recipient.

Abstract: Methods and systems for managing shared state within a distributed system with varying consistency and consensus semantics are described. In one configuration, a computing device receives a first plurality of objects representing the state of a first item and a second plurality of objects representing the state of a second item. The computing device generates a composed view of the state of each of the first item and the second item. The resulting composed views are transmitted using a reliable multicast protocol.

Abstract: Methods and systems for bandwidth adaptive computing device to computing device communication are described. Bandwidth adaptive communication includes receiving a communication from a first participant, storing the payload data of the communication in a channel memory element associated with the first participant, and transmitting the payload data to a second participant.

Abstract: Methods and systems for bandwidth adaptive computing device to computing device communication are described. Bandwidth adaptive communication includes receiving a communication from a first participant, storing the payload data of the communication in a channel memory element associated with the first participant, and transmitting the payload data to a second participant.

Abstract: Methods and systems for bandwidth adaptive computing device to computing device communication are described. Bandwidth adaptive communication includes receiving a communication from a first participant, storing the payload data of the communication in a channel memory element associated with the first participant, and transmitting the payload data to a second participant.

Abstract: A method and system reduces denial-of-service attacks malicious mobile nodes in a mobile IP environment. The method and system includes maintaining, by each of a plurality of access routers within the mobile IP environment, a cache of neighboring access routers as candidates and their associated access points. The caches are populated in response to actions initiated by mobile nodes. Each cache entry is tagged with the identity of the action initiating mobile node. The identity is based on information that is verifiable by the access routers and which cannot be modified arbitrarily by the mobile node. The total number of entries that can be tagged and thus introduced into a cache by any given node is limited.

Abstract: Methods and systems for bandwidth adaptive computing device to computing device communication are described. Bandwidth adaptive communication includes receiving a communication from a first participant, storing the payload data of the communication in a channel memory element associated with the first participant, and transmitting the payload data to a second participant.

Abstract: Methods and systems for managing shared state within a distributed system with varying consistency and consensus semantics are described. In one configuration, a computing device receives a first plurality of objects representing the state of a first item and a second plurality of objects representing the state of a second item. The computing device generates a composed view of the state of each of the first item and the second item. The resulting composed views are transmitted using a reliable multicast protocol.

Abstract: A method and system reduces denial-of-service attacks malicious mobile nodes in a mobile IP environment. The method and system includes maintaining, by each of a plurality of access routers within the mobile IP environment, a cache of neighboring access routers as candidates and their associated access points. The caches are populated in response to actions initiated by mobile nodes. Each cache entry is tagged with the identity of the action initiating mobile node. The identity is based on information that is verifiable by the access routers and which cannot be modified arbitrarily by the mobile node. The total number of entries that can be tagged and thus introduced into a cache by any given node is limited.

Abstract: A process for the production of a solid acidic catalyst which process comprises reacting a compound of formula XF.sub.5 wherein X is phophorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, tantalum, vanadium or niobium with an inorganic oxide containing surface hydroxyl groups and having an Ho valve of less than -3.0. In a preferred embodiment alumina is partially fluorinated or sulphonated prior to reaction with the compound XF.sub.5, in which X is preferably antimony.