Abstract: An LED module for use in sign letter channel lights comprises a substrate, a reflector mounted on the substrate, an LED mounted within the reflector on the substrate and a Zener diode shunt element connected in parallel across the LED, a printed circuit board on the substrate, wherein the LED is mounted on the printed circuit board, and an insulating cover. The module may be entirely encapsulated. An LED driving protection circuit provides ground fault protection for a plurality of series connected LED modules.

Abstract: An LED module for use in sign letter channel lights comprises a substrate, a reflector mounted on the substrate, an LED mounted within the reflector on the substrate and a Zener diode shunt element connected in parallel across the LED, a printed circuit board on the substrate, wherein the LED is mounted on the printed circuit board, and an insulating cover. The module may be entirely encapsulated. An LED driving protection circuit provides ground fault protection for a plurality of series connected LED modules.

Abstract: A system to provide power to a load from a renewable power source and an energy storage device, comprises input and isolation circuits for receiving power from renewable energy sources and to isolate each renewable energy source from one other, a battery charger circuit to charge a battery by receiving power from the renewable energy sources, a DC-to-AC power inverter having an input connected to the battery and an AC output to match an AC backup power source, and a switching circuit which connects the AC inverter input to a load, and switches to connect the AC backup power to the load when the battery voltage drops below a certain level.

Abstract: An LED module for use in sign letter channel lights comprises a substrate, a reflector mounted on the substrate, an LED mounted within the reflector on the substrate and a Zener diode shunt element connected in parallel across the LED, a printed circuit board on the substrate, wherein the LED is mounted on the printed circuit board, and an insulating cover. The module may be entirely encapsulated. An LED driving protection circuit provides ground fault protection for a plurality of series connected LED modules.

Abstract: An LED module for use in sign letter channel lights comprises a substrate, a reflector mounted on the substrate, an LED mounted within the reflector on the substrate and a Zener diode shunt element connected in parallel across the LED, a printed circuit board on the substrate, wherein the LED is mounted on the printed circuit board, and an insulating cover. The module may be entirely encapsulated. An LED driving protection circuit provides ground fault protection for a plurality of series connected LED modules.

Abstract: The present invention provides a power supply circuit for providing power for a plurality of external electrode fluorescent lamps (EEFLs) connected in parallel, comprising a controllable voltage regulator for receiving an input power signal and for providing a regulated voltage signal, an output inverter and a resonant circuit connected to receive the regulated voltage signal and for providing a resonant frequency signal, a voltage transformation stage for receiving the resonant frequency signal for transforming the resonant frequency signal to a power voltage signal capable of driving a plurality of EEFLs connected in parallel, wherein the controllable voltage regulator is connected to receive the resonant frequency signal and is responsive thereto to keep the resonant frequency signal within an acceptable operating voltage range to power the EEFLs independently of the number of EEFLs connected to receive the power voltage signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a power supply circuit for providing power for a plurality of external electrode fluorescent lamps (EEFLs) connected in parallel, comprising a controllable voltage regulator for receiving an input power signal and for providing a regulated voltage signal, an output inverter and a resonant circuit connected to receive the regulated voltage signal and for providing a resonant frequency signal, a voltage transformation stage for receiving the resonant frequency signal for transforming the resonant frequency signal to a power voltage signal capable of driving a plurality of EEFLs connected in parallel, wherein the controllable voltage regulator is connected to receive the resonant frequency signal and is responsive thereto to keep the resonant frequency signal within an acceptable operating voltage range to power the EEFLs independently of the number of EEFLs connected to receive the power voltage signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a power supply suitable for a neon light, which power supply has a continuous output and a high power factor in excess of 0.9. The present invention does not require a front-end boost converter.

Abstract: The present invention provides a power supply suitable for a neon light, which power supply has a continuous output and a high power factor in excess of 0.9. The present invention does not require a front-end boost converter.

Abstract: A power supply for a gas-discharge lamp includes a voltage source and drive circuit that produces an asymmetric output, a step-up transformer for stepping up the voltage to an appropriate level for driving the lamp, a blocking capacitor connected in series with the transformer and the lamp for preventing DC current from flowing through the transformer and the lamp to avoid core saturation of the transformer. A DC voltage is established across the lamp that prevents the formation of "bubbles" or "beads" in the gas discharge. An inverter is used to periodically reverse the polarity of the DC voltage to prevent mercury migration in mercury-containing lamps.