Abstract: 3,3,7,7-Tetrakis(difluoramino)octahydro-1,5-diazocinium intermediate salts through difluoramination followed by N-denosylation or N-deprotection, which are valuable for use as precursor(s) to HNFX as well as to other members of the rare class of 3,3,7,7-tetrakis(difluoramino)octahydro-1,5-diazocines.

Abstract: A heavy-metal-free sequence leading to a superior, more economical, and scalable process for the high efficiency conversion of hexaallylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HAllylIW) to hexanitohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20).

Abstract: A heavy-metal-free sequence leading to a superior, more economical, and scalable process for the high efficiency conversion of hexaallylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HAllylIW) to hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20).

Abstract: The present invention describes a novel heavy-metal-free sequence leading to a superior, more economical, and scalable process for the high efficiency conversion of hexaallylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HAllylIW) to hexa(1-propenyl)hexaazaisowurtzitane (HPIW) and hence via reaction with singlet oxygen and subsequent nitrolysis to hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20).

Abstract: A heavy-metal-free sequence leading to a superior, more economical, and scalable process for the high efficiency conversion of hexaallylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HAllylIW) to hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20).

Abstract: A process of making detonation products having an effect on biological agents, providing an effective amount of HNFX; combining HNFX with an additive; detonating the combination with a detonation device; creating detonation products from the combination; contacting the detonation products with the harmful agents; exposing the detonation products for about at least 2 seconds to harmful agents; and destroying the harmful agents.

Abstract: A composition and method of manufacturing the same. Embodiments of an aspect of the invention relate to the formula C(CH2NF2)4 having the name octafluoropentaerythrityltetramine (octafluoro-PETA). In embodiments of another aspect generally relate to a method for manufacturing octafluoropentaerythrityltetramine (octafluoro-PETA) including, basifying pentaerythrityltetramine tetrahydrochloride in an aqueous solution with an aqueous alkali and treating with alkyl chloroformate for producing a tetraalkyl pentaerythrityltetra carbamate, extracting the compound into a nonaqueous solvent suitable for extraction from water and removing the solvent for providing a pure form of tetraethyl pentaerythrityltetracarbamate, bubbling elemental fluorine and/or mixtures of fluorine with an inert gas through tetraalkyl pentaerythrityltetracarbamate in a solvent suitable for direct fluorinations of protected amines until excess fluorine appears, and purifying the resultant octafluoropentaerythrityltetramine.

Abstract: The present invention describes a novel heavy-metal-free sequence leading to a superior, more economical, and scalable process for the high efficiency conversion of hexaallylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HAllylIW) to hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20). The process of the present invention avoids both the preparation of benzyl chloride, which uses elemental chlorine, and catalytic hydrogenolysis steps that require palladium metal/compounds. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope of the claims.

Abstract: A novel reaction scheme is presented for making a 3,3,7,7-tetrakis(difluoramino)octahydro-1,5-diazocinium salt, such as HNFX, from a tetrahydro-1,5-diazocine-3,7(2H,6H)-dione that does not employ N-nitrolysis,—but that instead requires protolytic N-deprotection, or protolytic denosylation, (i.e., the nosyl N-protecting group is replaced with protons, forming the corresponding protonated amine or ammonium derivative). In summary, the present method subjects a suitably N-protected dione to difluoramination followed by protolytic N-deprotection by addition of a superacid and subsequent nitration utilizing an electrophilic nitrating agent to yield the diazocinium salt.

Abstract: 3,3,7,7-Tetrakis(difluoramino)octahydro-1,5-diazocinium intermediate salts and method for making the salts, through difluoramination followed by N-denosylation or N-deprotection, which are valuable for use as precursor(s) to HNFX as well as to other members of the rare class of 3,3,7,7-tetrakis(difluoramino)octahydro-1,5-diazocines.

Abstract: A probe for analyzing furnace waste gas comprising a water-cooled outer tube containing an inner tube which is not water-cooled and which has a filter at its end. One end of the outer tube is sealed.

Abstract: A wet oxidation apparatus includes a device for raising the pressure of liquid oxygen; an evaporator for evaporating the liquid oxygen; a device for supplying nitrogen including a compressor for compressing atmospheric air and for supplying the compressed air to a first mixer, a storage container for storing liquid nitrogen; a device for raising the pressure of liquid nitrogen; a second evaporator for evaporating the liquid nitrogen; the first mixer located for mixing the evaporated oxygen and nitrogen; a second mixer for mixing the resultant gas with waste water to be treated, and a reactor for receiving the mix of gas and water.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for incinerating waste whose ease of burning may vary form batch to batch, wherein burning is conducted in a main combustion region to form combustion products containing combustibles and in a secondary combustion zone which is supplied with oxygen at a rate during a first period of time which is independent of the composition of the combustion products or resulting flue gas and at a rate during a second period of time which is determined as a function of the concentration of at least one component of the combustion products or flue gas.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating a freshly metallized substrate in which a metal substrate is passed through a bath of molten metal for the purpose of applying a coating thereto while a treating gas containing a reducing gas, a non-oxidizing gas or combination thereof is provided at the region where the metallized substrate exits the molten metal bath to thereby at least reduce oxidation of the metallized substrate and the surface of the molten metal bath.

Abstract: A modular enclosure for personal computer systems, and methods for assembly of an enclosure. The enclosure substantially comprises a base, a unitary internal frame, a front and a back panel, and a U-shaped top cover. Frame-mounting snaps and cruciform members located on forward and rear portions of the frame mate to complimentary receiving openings in the base. Front and rear panels are mounted to the base, frame, and top cover by a plurality of panel-mounting snaps and hooks. A base electromagnetic interference (EMI) shield at the periphery of the shield having a plurality of planar tabbed fingers with hemispherical domes formed therein is then fitted and secured to the base such that the lateral edges of the fingers are recessed below a peripherally extending rim on the base. Thereafter, the internal frame is snapped into place upon the base, and a rear panel having an EMI shield fitted and secured to the base and frame by panel-mounting snaps and hooks.

Abstract: The invention comprises a novel preparation of energetically substituted diether compounds and novel diether compounds not previously reported. In one embodiment certain isomeric forms of dibromoalkanes are converted to corresponding isomers of bromoalkyl trifluoromethanesulfonate esters by reaction with silver trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate) in a variety of solvents. The triflate substituent in the bromoalkyl triflate esters is then easily displaced by alcohols, including non-nucleophilic ones such as those that contain nitro. The intermediates are similarly reacted to make energetic diethers, selectively under mild conditions. The energetically substituted diether compounds are particularly useful as energetic curatives and plasticizers for rocket propellant binders as well as stable solid oxidizers and industrial explosives.

Abstract: In order to decarburize ferrous metal without recourse to an exothermic generator, an inert gas (typically nitrogen), water and a liquid or vaporous compound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (typically methanol) are admitted to a working chamber of the heat treatment furnace in which the metal is situated. The decarburization is preferably performed at 700.degree. to 800.degree. C. The methanol and water react to form a non-oxidizing, decarburizing atmosphere at the decarburizing temperature. The metal may be oxidized at a temperature below 600.degree. C. in another chamber of the furnace, the atmosphere from the decarburizing chamber being passed into the oxidizing chamber.

Abstract: A manually adjustable open four-sided frame and a number of improved clips that cooperate to provide an assembly that removably and frictionally engages a sheet of fabric on which needlepoint or other decoration is being defined to maintain a desired portion of the sheet within the confines of the frame in a taut condition. The clips if desired may be of such structure as to positively as well as frictionally engage peripheral edge portions of the sheet material when the latter is supported in a taut condition on the frame.

Abstract: A device for use in maintaining a poster or like sheet decorative material in a flat configuration by removably engaging narrow marginal edge portions thereof, and as a result no portion of the decorative insignia on the poster being concealed from view when supported by the device. The device when not in use may be dismantled and the components thereof stored side-by-side in a compact configuration until again needed.