Abstract: An electrochemical cell having at least one electrode containing a carbon fiber paper coated with an uncoagulated mixture of binder and catalytically active metal particles provides superior voltage characteristics at catalyst/binder ratios of about 2/1 to about 25/1.

Abstract: A supported catalyst useful in the preparation of an electrode for an electrochemical cell which comprises the residue remaining after heating at about 500.degree. to about 800.degree. C. a transition metal and a polymer such as polyvinylpyridine all adsorbed on a support material. Useful electrodes are prepared by combining the supported catalyst with a current collector.

Abstract: An ion exchange membrane/electrode assembly having increased efficiency in proton exchange processes as the result of membrane hydration processing comprising heating a membrane/electrode assembly at elevated temperature and pressure so as to provide increased hydration levels of the membrane.

Abstract: A supported catalyst useful in the preparation of an electrode for an electrochemical cell which comprises the residue remaining after heating at about 500.degree. to about 700.degree. C. a transition metal and a polymer such as polyvinylpyridine all adsorbed on a support material. Useful electrodes are prepared by combining the supported catalyst with a current collector.

Abstract: An ion exchange membrane or ion exchange membrane/electrode assembly having increased efficiency in proton exchange processes as the result of membrane hydration processing comprising heating a hermetically sealed membrane or membrane/electrode assembly at elevated temperature and pressure so as to provide increased hydration levels of the membrane.

Abstract: The invention is a method of making an ion permeable membrane, electrode and current collector assembly comprising the steps of:(a) forming a foundation layer comprising a porous electrically conductive material;(b) at least partially coating a fluoropolymer binder on at least one surface of the conductive foundation layer;(c) applying a particulate and finely divided catalyst material over the fluoropolymer binder on the foundation layer;(d) dispersing a suitable polymeric material over the catalyst material in a manner to obtain penetration of the polymeric material into the porous foundation layer to form a substantially continuous coating on the catalyst material and the at least partially coated foundation layer; and(e) applying sufficient heat and/or pressure to enhance the flow of polymeric material into the foundation layer and around the catalyst material to obtain adherence thereto and to sinter the polymer material into a substantially nonporous layer around the catalyst material.

Abstract: The invention is a membrane/electrode combination having an electrically conductive screen which has a first and a second face. At least the first face of the screen is substantially flat. The screen has a plurality of openings passing therethrough and connecting the first and the second faces of the screen. The openings occupying up to about 75% of the surface area of each face of the electrically conductive screen. The first face of an ion exchange membrane film, which has a first and a second face, is attached to the first face of the electrically conductive screen, thereby leaving portions of the first face of the membrane film exposed through the openings in the electrically conductive screen. A plurality of catalytically active particles are disposed on the exposed portions of the first face of the membrane film in electrical and physical contact with the membrane and with the electrically conductive screen.

Abstract: The invention is a membrane/electrode combination having an electrically conductive screen which has a first and a second face. The first face is substantially flat and the screen has a plurality of openings passing through it. The openings connect the first and the second faces of the screen and occupy up to about 75% of the surface area of each face of the electrically conductive screen. There is also an ion exchange membrane film having a first and a second face. The first face of the membrane film is attached to the first face of the electrically conductive screen, thereby leaving portions of the first face of the membrane film exposed through the openings in the electrically conductive screen. A plurality of catalytically active particles are disposed on the exposed portions of the first face of the membrane film and are in electrical and physical contact with the membrane and with the electrically conductive screen.