Abstract: An adapter for an endoscope system comprises a housing, a light conducting element, a sensor to receive light waves emitted from the light conducting element, a converter connected to the sensor to convert light waves into an electrical signal comprising instructions for generating light with a light generator of an endoscope, and an electrical coupler connected to the converter to convey the electrical signal out of the housing to the endoscope. A method for communicating light control signals from an imaging and control system to an endoscope having light generating capabilities comprises generating light with a light generator, receiving light from the light generator at an adapter, sensing an intensity of light with a sensor, converting the intensity sensed by the sensor to light control signals for generating light with a light generator of the endoscope, and transmitting the light control signal to the light generator of the endoscope.

Abstract: A friction welding machine, for welding two members such as universal joint parts to the ends of a central component such as a tubular shaft, wherein rotatable holders (20) for the members are connected to a layshift (22) which is arranged to be driven and braked at a generally central position. The arrangement facilitates rapid braking necessary for establishing welds between aluminum alloy parts.