Abstract: An end cap assembly configured for use in a control valve and in combination with a spool includes a stater, the stater having a spool stop having a hardened surface.

Abstract: A SiAlON-based ceramic particularly suited for use as a cutting tool in the high speed chip forming machining of metals composed of a SiAlON matrix including a) a phase of alpha′ SiAlON represented by the general formula of Mx (Si,Al)12(O,N)16, wherein 0<x<2 and M is at least two cationic elements, a first cationic element being 0.2 to 4 weight percent Mg and optionally between 0.5 and 15 weight percent of one or more of Ca, Sr, and Ba calculated as oxide, based on the SiAlON matrix, and a second cationic element being one or more of Y, Sc, La and the rare earth (RE) elements; b) a phase consisting of beta′ SiAlON represented by the general formula Si6−zAl2OzN8−z wherein 0<z<4.2; and c) a component containing glass, and at least one additional intergranular crystal phase that is detectable using X-ray diffraction techniques is provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a metal-supported solid electrolyte electrochemical cell, multi cell reactor assemblies incorporating a plurality of such cells, and processes of forming the electrochemical cells. In one embodiment, the electrochemical cell includes a central electrolyte membrane, first and second perforated metallic layers adhered to each of the major surfaces of the central electrolyte membrane, and first and second outer, non-porous electrolyte layers formed above the metallic layers. In another embodiment, first and second inner, porous electrolyte layers are sandwiched on either side of the central membrane, between the first and second metallic layers. The electrochemical cell is thus generally formed from ceramic material as thin layers supported on non-porous, robust metallic layers, designed to behave as though made of metal. Preferably, the electrochemical cell includes metallurgically bonded electrical interconnects and/or gas seals.

Abstract: This invention discloses a SiAlON-based ceramic particularly suited for use as a cutting tool in the high speed chip forming machining of metals. The ceramic is composed of a SiAlON matrix including a) a phase of alpha′ SiAlON represented by the general formula of Mx(Si,Al)12(O,N)16, wherein 0<x<2 and M is at least two cationic elements, a first cationic element being Mg and optionally one or more of Ca, Sr, and Ba, and a second cationic element being one or more of Y, Sc, La and the rare earth (RE) elements; b) a phase consisting of beta' SiAlON represented by the general formula Si6−zAlzOzN8−z wherein 0<z<4.2; and c) a component containing glass, and at least one additional intergranular crystal phase that is detectable using X-ray diffraction techniques, wherein the amount of the first cationic element is 0.2 to 4 weight percent, calculated as the element, based on the SiAlON matrix, and the amount of the second cationic element of between 0.