Abstract: A handheld electronic device that receives geo-location based signal data into a microprocessor on board the handheld electronic device. The microprocessor processes the signal data into location data representative of the present geographic location of the electronic handheld device. The microprocessor adjusts at least one user defined setting of the handheld electronic device based on whether the location data indicates that the handheld electronic device is within stored geographical boundaries.

Abstract: Aromatic and alkyl thiocarbonates with and without a neighboring group that participates in the hydrolysis of a thiocarbonate are described. The aromatic or alkyl thiocarbonates can be used for the protection of sulfur during oligonucleotide synthesis. Their facile processes of manufacture and methods of using the same are provided.

Abstract: A handheld electronic device that receives geo-location based signal data into a microprocessor on board the handheld electronic device. The microprocessor processes the signal data into location data representative of the present geographic location of the electronic handheld device. The microprocessor adjusts at least one user defined setting of the handheld electronic device based on whether the location data indicates that the handheld electronic device is within stored geographical boundaries.

Abstract: A conjugate of formula A-L-P, in which: A represents a glycosylated/galactosylated peptide that binds to a cell-surface receptor, L represents a bifunctional linker, which does not comprise a naturally occurring amino acid and is covalently bonded to A and P in a regiospecific manner, and P represents a monomer, homopolymer or heteropolymer comprising at least one nucleotide or an analogue thereof, which inhibits the intracellular biosynthesis of nucleotides or nucleic acids in a sequence-independent manner, wherein either or both of the covalent bond between A and L and the covalent bond between L and P can be cleaved intracellularly; a composition comprising such a conjugate; and a method of inhibiting abnormal cellular proliferation in a mammal; and a method of inhibiting replication of a virus in a mammal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the design and synthesis of homogeneous A-L-P constructs, which contain a hepatic ligand to direct an oligomer or “payload” to a hepatocyte intracellularly via a receptor-mediated, ligand-directed pathway.

Abstract: It is possible to identify pre- and post-conditions on a set of machine instructions by determining and analyzing possible value sets for variables and expressions. Stepping forward and backward through the set of instructions and tracking value sets at all points of reference allows for the value sets to be maximally restricted, which, in turn, gives an indication of allowed domains for different variables. These domains can be used to derive pre- and post-conditions for the set of instructions.

Abstract: A conjugate of formula A-L-P, in which: A represents a glycosylated/galactosylated peptide that binds to a cell-surface receptor, L represents a bifunctional linker, which does not comprise a naturally occurring amino acid and is covalently bonded to A and P in a regiospecific manner, and P represents a monomer, homopolymer or heteropolymer comprising at least one nucleotide or an analogue thereof, which inhibits the intracellular biosynthesis of nucleotides or nucleic acids in a sequence-independent manner, wherein either or both of the covalent bond between A and L and the covalent bond between L and P can be cleaved intracellularly; a composition comprising such a conjugate; and a method of inhibiting abnormal cellular proliferation in a mammal; and a method of inhibiting replication of a virus in a mammal.

Abstract: A conjugate of formula A-L-P, in which: A represents a glycosylated/galactosylated peptide that binds to a cell-surface receptor, L represents a bifunctional linker, which does not comprise a naturally occurring amino acid and is covalently bonded to A and P in a regiospecific manner, and P represents a monomer, homopolymer or heteropolymer comprising at least one nucleotide or an analogue thereof, which inhibits the intracellular biosynthesis of nucleotides or nucleic acids in a sequence-independent manner, wherein either or both of the covalent bond between A and L and the covalent bond between L and P can be cleaved intracellularly; a composition comprising such a conjugate; and a method of inhibiting abnormal cellular proliferation in a mammal; and a method of inhibiting replication of a virus in a mammal.

Abstract: A system for processing data, representing a financial transaction, includes an input processor, a message generator, and a communication interface. The input processor parses data, representing a first financial transaction, and derives from the data, representing the first financial transaction, data items including a data element and an identifier identifying the first financial transaction. The message generator generates message data, representing a second financial transaction different from the first transaction, and incorporates the data items and an identifier identifying the data element. The communication interface initiates communication of the message data, representing the second financial transaction, to a remote system.

Abstract: A polymer comprising polycyclic repeating units having recurring ion conducting groups and optional crosslinkable groups is disclosed. The present invention provides the capability of tailoring polymers to impart unique properties to membranes fabricated from the polymers. Membranes comprising the polymers and methods for preparing the membranes and their use in ion conducting membranes, particularly in fuel cells, are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the design and synthesis of homogeneous A-L-P constructs, which contain a hepatic ligand to direct an oligomer or “payload” to a hepatocyte intracellularly via a receptor-mediated, ligand-directed pathway.

Abstract: A conjugate of formula A-L-P, in which: