Abstract: Ligands capable of complexing hydrated lithium ions may comprise at least one arylboronic acid internally complexed with a heteroatom, such as via internal complexation with an amine, ether, or carbonyl to define a 5- or 6-membered ring. The arylboronic acid may be covalently bonded to a substrate via a linker moiety when accomplishing the foregoing, or the linker moiety may contain a reactive functionality capable of forming a covalent bond to a substrate or other group. The linker moiety may be further covalently bonded to an anionic functional group, such as a second arylboronic acid internally complexed with a second heteroatom. Ligands may also comprise at least one arylboronic acid internally complexed with a heteroatom, wherein the ligand is further covalently bonded to a molecule that undergoes a spectroscopic or electrochemical change in the presence of lithium ions. Substrate-bound or substrate-free lithium complexes may be formed using the ligands.

Abstract: An apparatus for targeting an injection site using anatomical landmarks includes a first landmark identifier, a second landmark identifier, and a targeting band. The targeting band is connected with the first landmark identifier at a first end and a second landmark identifier at a second end. At least a portion of the targeting band is linearly deformable. In another embodiment, an apparatus for targeting an injection site using anatomical landmarks on a patient includes a targeting band having a first end and a second end, at least a portion of the targeting being linearly deformable, a first landmark identifier pivotably connected to the targeting band at the first end, a second landmark identifier configured to be connected with the second end of the targeting band; and a fastener configured to secure the first and second landmark identifiers to the patient.

Abstract: An apparatus for targeting an injection site using anatomical landmarks includes a first landmark identifier, a second landmark identifier, and a targeting band. The targeting band is connected with the first landmark identifier at a first end and a second landmark identifier at a second end. At least a portion of the targeting band is linearly deformable. In another embodiment, an apparatus for targeting an injection site using anatomical landmarks on a patient includes a targeting band having a first end and a second end, at least a portion of the targeting being linearly deformable, a first landmark identifier pivotably connected to the targeting band at the first end, a second landmark identifier configured to be connected with the second end of the targeting band; and a fastener configured to secure the first and second landmark identifiers to the patient.

Abstract: An apparatus for targeting an injection site using anatomical landmarks includes a first landmark identifier, a second landmark identifier, and a targeting band. The targeting band is connected with the first landmark identifier at a first end and a second landmark identifier at a second end. At least a portion of the targeting band is linearly deformable. In another embodiment, an apparatus for targeting an injection site using anatomical landmarks on a patient includes a targeting band having a first end and a second end, at least a portion of the targeting being linearly deformable, a first landmark identifier pivotably connected to the targeting band at the first end, a second landmark identifier configured to be connected with the second end of the targeting band; and a fastener configured to secure the first and second landmark identifiers to the patient.

Abstract: An apparatus for targeting an injection site using anatomical landmarks includes a first landmark identifier, a second landmark identifier, and a targeting band. The targeting band is connected with the first landmark identifier at a first end and a second landmark identifier at a second end. At least a portion of the targeting band is linearly deformable. In another embodiment, an apparatus for targeting an injection site using anatomical landmarks on a patient includes a targeting band having a first end and a second end, at least a portion of the targeting being linearly deformable, a first landmark identifier pivotably connected to the targeting band at the first end, a second landmark identifier configured to be connected with the second end of the targeting band; and a fastener configured to secure the first and second landmark identifiers to the patient.

Abstract: A method comprising: providing at least one encaged treatment chemical that comprises a treatment chemical and a polymer carrier; placing the encaged treatment chemical into a portion of a subterranean formation; and allowing the treatment chemical to diffuse out of the encaged treatment chemical and into a portion of the subterranean formation or an area adjacent thereto.

Abstract: Methods of treating a portion of a subterranean formation comprising: providing an aqueous treatment fluid comprising an aqueous fluid and a friction reducing copolymer that comprises acrylamide and 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-ethyl acrylate and introducing the aqueous treatment fluid into the portion of the subterranean formation. Methods of fracturing a subterranean formation comprising: providing an aqueous treatment fluid comprising an aqueous fluid and a friction reducing copolymer that comprises acrylamide and 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-ethyl acrylate and introducing the aqueous treatment fluid into the subterranean formation at or above a pressure sufficient to create one or more fractures in the subterranean formation. Aqueous treatment fluids comprising: an aqueous fluid and a friction reducing copolymer that comprises acrylamide and an acrylic acid ester.

Abstract: Methods of treating a portion of a subterranean formation, comprising: providing an aqueous treatment fluid comprising water, and a friction reducing copolymer that comprises acrylamide and an acrylic acid ester; and introducing the aqueous treatment fluid into the portion of the subterranean formation. Methods of fracturing a subterranean formation comprising: providing an aqueous treatment fluid comprising water, and a friction reducing copolymer that comprises acrylamide and an acrylic acid ester; and introducing the aqueous treatment fluid into the subterranean formation at or above a pressure sufficient to create one or more fractures in the subterranean formation. Aqueous treatment fluids comprising: an aqueous fluid and a friction reducing copolymer that comprises acrylamide and an acrylic acid ester.

Abstract: Improved methods for treating and for fracturing subterranean formations and the fluid compositions are provided. The viscosity of a treating fluid containing gelling agents is broken, even at temperatures of about 250° F. and lower, utilizing an oxidizing breaker and a reducing sugar to activate the breaker.