Abstract: The invention is an animal chew which contains one or more enzymes and substrates for the purpose of generating antimicrobial compounds upon contact with an animal's saliva. The animal chew, primarily made of rawhide, contains an oxidoreductase and substrate, such as, for example, glucose oxidase and glucose, which produces hydrogen peroxide upon being chewed. The hydrogen peroxide activates the salivary peroxide system present in the saliva, which in turn produces hypothiocyanite, a potent antimicrobial agent. The animal chew may also contain added thiocyanate and iodide ions to enhance its antimicrobial activity. The chew is preferably prepared by placing it into a substrate solution for a period, drying the chew, spraying the dried rawhide chew with a solution of the oxidoreductase, and finally drying the chew again.

Abstract: A stabilized aqueous dentifrice composition capable of producing or, in the presence of saliva, leading to the production of antimicrobially effective concentrations of hypothiocyanite ions (OSCN--) are herein described. The composition contains both an oxidoreductase enzyme and its specific substrate, for the purpose of producing hydrogen peroxide of at least the minimum effective concentration. The aqueous dentifrice compositions of the present invention can be stabilized against premature enzyme/substrate interaction by controlling the level of dissolved oxygen in the aqueous dentifrice carrier. Optionally, a peroxidase enzyme may be included to act upon the aforementioned hydrogen peroxide, thereby oxidizing salivary thiocyanate ions to produce the antimicrobial concentrations of hypothiocyanite ions (OSCN--).

Abstract: A stabilized aqueous composition capable of producing or, in the presence of saliva or other humoral fluid, leading to the production of antimicrobially effective concentrations of hypothiocyanite ions (OSCN--) are herein described. The composition contains an oxidoreductase enzyme and its specific substrate, for the purpose of producing hydrogen peroxide of at least the minimum effective concentration, and in addition, catalase for the destruction of hydrogen peroxide to prevent premature oxidoreductase enzyme decomposition. Optionally, a peroxidase enzyme may be included to act upon the aforementioned hydrogen peroxide, thereby oxidizing thiocyanate ions to produce the antimicrobial concentrations of hypothiocyanite ions (OSCN--).

Abstract: A stabilized aqueous dentifrice composition capable of producing or, in the presence of saliva, leading to the production of antimicrobially effective concentrations of hypothiocyanite ions (OSCN--) are herein described. The composition contains both an oxidoreductase enzyme and its specific substrate, for the purpose of producing hydrogen peroxide of at least the minimum effective concentration. The aqueous dentifrice compositions of the present invention can be stabilized against premature enzyme/substrate interaction by controlling the level of dissolved oxygen in the aqueous dentifrice carrier. Optionally, a peroxidase enzyme may be included to act upon the aforementioned hydrogen peroxide, thereby oxidizing salivary thiocyanate ions to produce the antimicrobial concentrations of hypothiocyanite ions (OSCN--).

Abstract: The present invention describes compositions that are useful for making artificial fingernails, in particular such compositions that are odorless, non-toxic, self-curing, and demonstrate good working properties as described above.Compositions in accordance with this invention consist of two parts:(a) an odorless, non-toxic liquid binder comprising one or more methacrylate monomer(s) of the following formula:R--O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O--CO--C(CH.sub.3).dbd.CH.sub.2where R is CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n and n=0-3together with one or more di-,tri-, or multi-functional methacrylates, and a teriary-amine type accelerator; and(b) a polymeric powder containing a finely divided methacrylate polymer or copolymer, and a peroxide polymerization initiator.

Abstract: An invented composition for promoting the adhesion of adhesives, coatings and/or composites to proteinaceous substrates is disclosed comprising a water-miscible solvent; and an unsaturated carboxylic acid of the general formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is selected from CH.dbd.CH, C(CH.sub.3).dbd.C(CH.sub.3), C(CH.sub.3).dbd.CH, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2, or CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 ; and R.sub.2 is selected from a terminally mono-, di-, tri-, or multi-unsaturated group. Methods of making the compound and methods of its use are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention describes compositions that are useful for making artificial fingernails, in particular such compositions that are odorless, non-toxic, self-curing, and demonstrate good working properties as described above.Compositions in accordance with this invention consist of two parts:(a) an odorless, non-toxic liquid binder comprising one or more methacrylate monomer(s) of the following formula:R--O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O--CO--C(CH.sub.3).dbd.CH.sub.2where R is CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n and n=0-3 together with one or more di-, tri-, or multi-functional methacrylates, and a tertiary-amine type accelerator; and(b) a polymeric powder containing a finely divided methacrylate polymer or copolymer, and a peroxide polymerization initiator.

Abstract: An invented composition for promoting the adhesion of adhesives, coatings and/or composites to proteinsceous substrates is disclosed comprising a water-miscible solvent; and an unsaturated caboxylic acid of the general formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is selected from CH.dbd.CH, C(CH.sub.3).dbd.C(CH.sub.3), C(CH.sub.3).dbd.CH, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2, or CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 ; and R.sub.2 is selected from a terminally mono-, di-, tri-, or multi- unsaturated group. Methods of making the compound and methods of its use are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to materials and methods for obtaining strong adhesive bonds of coatings, composites and adhesives to proteinaceous substrates consisting either entirely, or in part of keratin, are disclosed. The invented materials comprise a non-aqueous solvent capable of adjusting the pH of the surface of the substrate to a pH of 8.0 or greater. The invented method comprises treating the substrate with the invented material until the pH of the surface is in the range of pH 9.0 to 11.0, followed by bonding a coating, composite or adhesive thereto.

Abstract: Aqueous reconstitutible, powder milk incorporates an enzyme system for providing a bacteriostatic effect upon aqueous reconstitution. The enzyme system contains (a) oxidoreductase enzyme that is hydro-interactable with and specific to oxidizable substrate in the powder milk for producing hydrogen peroxide and (b) peroxidatic peroxidase for interacting with the hydrogen peroxide and oxidizable anion from the powder milk to produce, in the reconstituted milk, oxidized anionic bacterial inhibitor. In an illustrative embodiment, powder milk incorporates (a) glucose oxidase that interacts with glucose in powder milk, upon aqueous dilution, to produce hydrogen peroxide and (b) lactoperoxidase for interacting with hydrogen peroxide and, for example the chloride ion from the powder milk to produce, in the reconstituted milk, the hypochlorite ion, a bacterial inhibitor.

Abstract: A di-enzymatic dentifrice is provided which contains an oxidizable substrate and an oxidoreductase enzyme specific to such substrate for producing hydrogen peroxide upon oral application of the dentifrice and further contains a thiocyanate salt and lactoperoxidase for interacting with hydrogen peroxide to produce a hypothiocyanate bacterial inhibitor. An illustrative enzymatic system for this purpose contains glucose, glucose oxidase, potassium thiocyanate and lactoperoxidase.

Abstract: Enzymatic absorbent materials such as bandages and pads, for body contact applications, contain serum-activated oxidoreductase enzyme for producing hydrogen peroxide upon contact of the enzymatic materials with serum. An illustrative serum-activated oxidoreductase enzyme is glucose oxidase with the corresponding substrate in serum being glucose.

Abstract: A di-enzymatic chewable dentifrice is provided which contains an oxidizable substrate and an oxidoreductase enzyme specific to such substrate for producing hydrogen peroxide upon chewing of the dentifrice and further contains a thiocyanate salt and lactoperoxidase for interacting with hydrogen peroxide to produce a hypothiocyanate bacterial inhibitor. The concentration of lactoperoxidase is at least about 2% of the concentration of the oxidoreductase enzyme, in International Units, to thereby limit the ratio of hydrogen peroxide to lactoperoxidase during oral chewing of the dentifrice. An illustrative enzymatic system for this purpose contains glucose, glucose oxidase, potassium thiocyanate and lactoperoxidase.

Abstract: An enzymatic dentifrice is provided which contains an enzyme system comprising Beta-D-glucose and glucose oxidase for producing hydrogen peroxide upon oral application of the dentifrice. The enzymatic dentifrice is stabilized against the production of hydrogen peroxide prior to oral application of the dentifrice by limiting any water in the dentifrice to an amount not more than about 10 wt. % based on the weight of the dentifrice.

Abstract: An antiseptic dentifrice is provided which contains an enzyme system comprising an oxidizable amino acid substrate and an oxidoreductase enzyme specific to such substrate for producing hydrogen peroxide and ammonia upon oral application of the dentifrice. In an illustrative enzyme system for this purpose, the substrate is glycine and the oxidoreductase enzyme specific to this substrate is glycine oxidase.