Abstract: A power system device-to-device direct communication system comprises a first intelligent electronic device with a processor and a transmit module. Software within the processor maintains a list of “virtual outputs,” which correspond to a number of data channels maintained within the transmit module. The second intelligent electronic device receives the data channels from the first intelligent electronic device and extracts the virtual output bits. The second intelligent electronic device then adjusts a group of its own output contacts in accordance with the received virtual output bits.

Abstract: A method of measuring the concentration of metal ions in a sample comprising the steps of: providing a sample comprising a nonpolar, liquid hydrocarbon, suspected of containing a metal ion; adding a dye such as a spirobenzopyran dye or bathocuproine and a reducing agent to the sample; wherein the dye forms a complex with the metal ion; wherein the complex has a spectral shift in light absorbance relative to the dye; observing the spectral shift; and calculating the concentration of the metal ion in the sample.

Abstract: A line disturbance detector is disclosed which oversees the operation of power protection devices monitoring the same conductor, and only allows a power automation or control operation when both the disturbance detector and a traditional power protection device, such as a protection relay, determine such an operation is required.

Abstract: A macula cover having a flexible sheet member and including an contact surface, an outer surface, a perimeter, and an annular stiffener. The sheet member is sized to cover the fovea and the parafoveal area of the macula during retinal surgery.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing surgery inside the human retina using fluidic internal limiting membrane separation (FILMS) to remove the internal limiting retinal layer from the neural retinal layer at the macula. The method comprises inserting a hollow microcannula between the retinal internal limiting membrane and the neural retinal layer at or near the macula and injecting a sterile fluid, such as sodium hyaluronate, through said microcannula and thereby raising the macular internal limiting membrane retinal layer away from the neural retina such that it can then be removed by conventional means, while simultaneously smoothing the neural retina by localized pressure tamponad. The apparatus comprises a hollow microcannula having a proximal end a distal end and a distal tip. The distal end is shaped to conform tangentially to the surface of the retina.

Abstract: A method of measuring the concentration of metal ions in a sample comprising the steps of: providing a sample comprising a nonpolar, liquid hydrocarbon, suspected of containing a metal ion; adding a dye such as a spirobenzopyran dye or bathocuproine and a reducing agent to the sample; wherein the dye forms a complex with the metal ion; wherein the complex has a spectral shift in light absorbance relative to the dye; observing the spectral shift; and calculating the concentration of the metal ion in the sample.

Abstract: A macula cover having a flexible sheet member and including an contact surface, an outer surface, a perimeter, and an annular stiffener. The sheet member is sized to cover the fovea and the parafoveal area of the macula during retinal surgery.

Abstract: A composition including a solid substrate, a metal chelant, and a saturated hydrocarbon linker attached between the substrate and the chelant, wherein the chelant is an organic wherein the chelant is an organic macrocycle or polyol.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing surgery inside the human retina using fluidic internal limiting membrane separation (FILMS) to remove the internal limiting retinal layer from the neural retinal layer at the macula. The method comprises inserting a hollow microcannula between the retinal internal limiting membrane and the neural retinal layer at or near the macula and injecting a sterile fluid, such as sodium hyaluronate, through said microcannula and thereby raising the macular internal limiting membrane retinal layer away from the neural retina such that it can then be removed by conventional means, while simultaneously smoothing the neural retina by localized pressure tamponad. The apparatus comprises a hollow microcannula having a proximal end a distal end and a distal tip. The distal end is shaped to conform tangentially to the surface of the retina.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing surgery inside the human retina using fluidic internal limiting membrane separation (FILMS) to remove the internal limiting retinal layer from the neural retinal layer at the macula. The method comprises inserting a hollow microcannula between the retinal internal limiting membrane and the neural retinal layer at or near the macula and injecting a sterile fluid, such as sodium hyaluronate, through said microcannula and thereby raising the macular internal limiting membrane retinal layer away from the neural retina such that it can then be removed by conventional means, while simultaneously smoothing the neural retina by localized pressure tamponad. The apparatus comprises a hollow microcannula having a proximal end a distal end and a distal tip. The distal end is shaped to conform tangentially to the surface of the retina.

Abstract: A composition including a solid substrate, a metal chelant, and a saturated hydrocarbon linker attached between the substrate and the chelant. The position is used in the method for removing from a liquid medium a metal having atomic number equal to or greater than 27, the method including the steps of passing the liquid medium through the composition that is in solid, particulate form and separating the medium from the composition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing surgery inside the human retina using fluidic internal limiting membrane separation (FILMS) to remove the internal limiting retinal layer from the neural retinal layer at the macula. The method comprises inserting a hollow microcannula between the retinal internal limiting membrane and the neural retinal layer at or near the macula and injecting a sterile fluid, such as sodium hyaluronate, through said microcannula and thereby raising the macular internal limiting membrane retinal layer away from the neural retina such that it can then be removed by conventional means, while simultaneously smoothing the neural retina by localized pressure tamponad. The apparatus comprises a hollow microcannula having a proximal end a distal end and a distal tip. The distal end is shaped to conform tangentially to the surface of the retina.

Abstract: Jet fuels are tested for thermal stability by passing the fuel over a hea metal tube and measuring the amount of residue deposited as a film on the tube as a result of chemical changes to the fuel. The thickness distribution and volume of a deposited film on a tube are calculated by scanning the length of the tube with an optical probe, shining light onto the tube, measuring the intensity of reflected light of a preselected wavelength from the tube, and correlating the reflected light intensity with positions on the tube. The tube is then partially rotated, and the process is repeated until the entire surface of the tube is scanned. The volumes of each longitudinal slice of the tube are summed to give the total deposit volume on the tube.

Abstract: In a television receiver the voltage applied to the loudspeaker from the audio amplifier is low pass filtered and coupled to a threshold detector. Normal audio is attenuated so that the detector is not tripped, but steady DC is passed through the filter and trips the detector. The output of the detector is coupled to the X-ray protection circuit of the receiver which acts to shut the receiver "off".

Abstract: A protection circuit for an audio output channel of a television receiver includes a detector which detects the presence of either or both of (1) a sustained DC component applied to the loudspeaker form the audio power amplifier, (2) and the loss of a supply voltage for the power amplifier. The presence of a of a sustained DC component can damage the loudspeaker. The loss of a supply voltage of the power amplifier can damage the power amplifier and can also result in the application of a sustained DC amplifier and can also result in the application of a sustained DC component to the loudspeaker. For example, the loss of the negative supply voltage of a power amplifier incorporated in an integrated circuit results in the removal of potential from the substrate which otherwise serves to electrically isolates various semiconductor devices supported by the substrate.

Abstract: A stereo expansion circuit has right and left amplifying channels for providing expanded stereo signals. A selection device comprises a switch cross coupling the signal channels for providing expanded stereo when the switch is closed. Circuitry is provided for preventing the switching control signal from being coupled to the signal channels. More specifically, a version of a signal coupled between the signal channels through the conduction channel of the switch is applied to the control input of the switch to inhibit the control signal from being coupled to the conduction channel. Such an arrangement is particularly advantageous when the switch comprises a J-FET.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for the virtual expansion of the power providing capacity of a power supply, e.g., for a stereophonic audio system with a given number of channels which may be selectively increased to provide a surround audio system. A plurality of amplifiers, each having an adjustable gain, are powered from the power supply. The current drawn from the power supply is sensed. When additional amplifiers are activated, the total amount of power drawn by all of the amplifiers can exceed a predetermined level which corresponds to the original plurality of amplifiers. However, when it is sensed that the total amount of power drawn exceeds the predetermined level, the gain of all of the amplifiers is reduced so that the power drawn from the power supply does not exceed the predetermined level. Thus, the virtual power providing capacity of the power supply is expanded to power the additional amplifiers.

Abstract: A receiver comprises a tuner circuit for detecting a selected input signal and an audio circuit for reproducing the audio content in the detected signal. The tuner circuit includes a local oscillator, a prescaler, a phase detector and an integrator, and has a tendency to uncontrollably detune during AC power interruption responsive to a spurious tuning control signal generated in the tuner circuit and generate audible noise during the detuning. The audible noise is introduced into the audio content of the detected signal. An AC power interruption detector monitors a run power supply and generates a power loss control signal when the run supply falls below a predetermined threshold. A control circuit responsive to the power loss control signal, absent a user command, first disables normal operation of the tuner circuit and then disables the audio circuit, thereby reducing the audible noise.

Abstract: An oscillator includes a mechanical resonator, such as a crystal, and having an amplifier arranged for oscillating at a first frequency. A resonant circuit is coupled in series with the crystal. The resonant circuit is antiresonant at an undesired harmonic frequency of the crystal thus prohibiting oscillation of the oscillator at said undesired harmonic frequency. The present oscillator is a portion of a phase locked loop used in a television receiver for demodulating a composite stereophonic audio signal.

Abstract: Ocular perfusion during intraocular surgery of the anterior or posterior ocular cavity is optimized through the method of using a gas pump having a discernible and controllable output pressure to pressurize a reservoir of liquid infusate, which is supplied under pressure to a surgical infusion instrument for perfusion of the selected ocular chamber (Gas Forced Liquid Infusion, GFLI). The infusate selection and the infusate pressure can be controlled with a high degree of accuracy and both can be rapidly varied by audible command. Preferentially a human sensible indication of pressure is constantly available at the gas pump.