Abstract: An electrode assembly (10) for electroanalysis, the electrode assembly (10) comprising a woven or non-woven carbon fibre electrode (20) supported by a support (100), wherein the support (100) comprises an electrical conductor (110) having a region (120) comprising carbon and wherein the region (120) is arranged to electrically couple with the woven or non-woven carbon fibre electrode (20).

Abstract: A monolithic tapered rib waveguide for transformation of the spot size of light between a semiconductor optical device and an optical fiber or from the fiber into the optical device. The tapered rib waveguide is integrated into the guiding rib atop a cutoff mesa type semiconductor device such as an expanded mode optical modulator or and expanded mode laser. The tapered rib acts to force the guided light down into the mesa structure of the semiconductor optical device instead of being bound to the interface between the bottom of the guiding rib and the top of the cutoff mesa. The single mode light leaving or entering the output face of the mesa structure then can couple to the optical fiber at coupling losses of 1.0 dB or less.

Abstract: Methods of post-slaughter handling a carcase are presented in a first example a carcase is hung from its symphysis pubis and cut by; (1) removing the knuckle, fillet end and chump from the rest of the carcase; and, (2) separating the knuckle from the fillet end and chump by cutting at an angle of less than 45.degree. to the back line of the carcase. In a second example the carcase is hung from its symphysis pubis and cut by; (1) removing the leg and chump from the rest of the carcase; (2) removing at least the pelvic bones; (3) straightening the leg. In a further example, the method comprises (1) hanging the carcase from its symphysis pubis; and (2) applying high voltage stimulation to the carcase.