Abstract: A two-stroke engine possesses a cylinder, in the cylinder bore of which a combustion chamber is formed. The combustion chamber is bounded by a reciprocating piston, which drives a crankshaft rotatably mounted in a crankcase. A crankcase interior is fluidically connected to the combustion chamber across at least one transfer channel in at least one position of the piston. The at least one transfer channel emerges with a discharge opening in the crankcase interior and with at least one transfer window on the cylinder bore. It is proposed that all transfer channels have an average length as measured from the discharge opening to the transfer window, the average length being at least 1.5 in relation to the stroke, and that the volume of the crankcase interior including all transfer channels is at most 3.1 in relation to the piston displacement.

Abstract: A method for producing customized object is provided. A resin (e.g. plastic or cellulose) is heated and a quaternary salt is added. The resulting admixture is used in forming a material that embodies customized characteristics. In another embodiment, a halogen-containing polymer has a quaternary molecule covalently bonded to it that results in customized properties.

Abstract: Endothermic fuel compositions comprising 50% or more by volume decahydronaphthalene, including cis-decahydronaphthalene, trans-decahydronaphthalene or a mixture thereof, for use as endothermic fuels in hypersonic vehicles and particularly for use in dual-mode ramjet or supersonic combustion ramjet air breathing engines. Methods for operating a ramjet or scram jet engine wherein the endothermic fuel is used for cooling the combustor and for combustion in the combustor.

Abstract: In a method for determining anomalous behavior of a candidate taking an exam, a processor receives first exam interface input values captured during an exam session on a candidate testing device. A processor generates a first interaction vector from the first exam interface input values. A processor generates a first interaction timeline from the first interaction vector. A processor determines an anomalous behavior based on a relationship between the first interaction timeline and a selected classification cluster.

Abstract: A method of using a computing device to compare performance of multiple algorithms. The method includes receiving, by a computing device, multiple algorithms to assess. The computing device further receives a total amount of resources to allocate to the multiple algorithms. The computing device additionally assigns a fair share of the total amount of resources to each of the multiple algorithms. The computing device still further executes each of the multiple algorithms using the assigned fair share of the total amount of resources. The computing device additionally compares the performance of each of the multiple based on at least one of multiple hardware relative utility metrics describing a hardware relative utility of any given resource allocation for each of the multiple algorithms.

Abstract: A method of using a computing device executing to interrelate two or more corpuses of dissimilar data that includes receiving input data from each of two or more corpuses of dissimilar data. The computing device computes a pass for each of the input data into two or more encoder-decoder models. The computing device further obtains a prediction of an identity mapping for each of different domains of knowledge from each of the two or more encoder-decoder models. The computing device additionally computes a distribution distance metric as an output from each of a low-dimensional embedding vector representation from each of the two or more encoder-decoder models. The computing device still further computes a function based on each of the predictions from each of the two or more encoder-decoder models and the distribution distance metrics. The computing device additionally updates the two or more encoder-decoder models.

Abstract: Techniques for augmenting data visualizations based on user interactions to enhance user experience are provided. In one aspect, a method for providing real-time recommendations to a user includes: capturing user interactions with a data visualization, wherein the user interactions include images captured as the user interacts with the data visualization; building stacks of the user interactions, wherein the stacks of the user interactions are built from sequences of the user interactions captured over time; generating embeddings for the stacks of the user interactions; finding clusters of embeddings having similar properties; and making the real-time recommendations to the user based on the clusters of embeddings having the similar properties.

Abstract: A method for producing customized object is provided. A resin (e.g. plastic or cellulose) is heated and a quaternary salt is added. The resulting admixture is used in forming a material that embodies customized characteristics. In another embodiment, a halogen-containing polymer has a quaternary molecule covalently bonded to it that results in customized properties.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method, computer system, and computer program product for preventing statistical inference attacks is provided. The present invention may include splitting records into items, and classifying these items into shared items and private items; grouping the private items according to privacy and confidentiality requirements; restricting access of the private items to stakeholders based on the confidentiality requirements using cryptographic keys; generating and encrypting one or more placeholders for both existent and non-existent stakeholders; storing private items in private storage as indicated by links; creating shared records comprising links, placeholders, and shared items; adding integrity signatures to the shared records; and publishing the shared records to a shared medium.

Abstract: Endothermic fuel compositions comprising 50% or more by volume decahydronaphthalene, including cis-decahydronaphthalene, trans-decahydronaphthalene or a mixture thereof, for use as fuels in hypersonic vehicles and particularly for use in dual-mode ramjet or supersonic combustion ramjet air breathing engines.

Abstract: A method for treating a fluid is provided. Particles are coated with quaternary ammonium or phosphonium compounds (“quats”). Fluid is passed over the particles. The biocidal properties of the quats treats the fluid.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a computer system, computer program product, and method to support context aware container volume management. Two or more containers are operatively coupled to a shared operating system instance. Workflow and system topologies directed at the containers are modeled. The workflow models transition states of containers. The container topology model identifies relationships between two more containers. The storage topology model identifies a relationship and dependency of storage volumes. The models are leveraged to assess and autonomously determine functional container storage requirements. Assignment(s) of an application container to a volume is optimized and selectively attached responsive to the autonomous determination.

Abstract: The present invention provides a first half and a second half of a garment holder including the first half having a first lock, the first lock including a pin having a winged base to be received in a first hole having a corresponding shape. The pin being rotatable within the first hole between a locked and unlocked position and wherein the first lock resides on the first half and the second half includes the second hole. The pin including a locking member disposed at a distal end of the pin, the locking member for engaging the second hole.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a computer system, computer program product, and method to support context aware container volume management. Two or more containers are operatively coupled to a shared operating system instance. Workflow and system topologies directed at the containers are modeled. The workflow models transition states of containers. The container topology model identifies relationships between two more containers. The storage topology model identifies a relationship and dependency of storage volumes. The models are leveraged to assess and autonomously determine functional container storage requirements. Assignment(s) of an application container to a volume is optimized and selectively attached responsive to the autonomous determination.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention may include a method, computer program product and system for data storage management. The embodiment may include receiving a request from a second container runtime for access to a first container runtime volume by the second container runtime. The embodiment may include determining whether the first container runtime volume exists within a shared unified volume listing. Based on determining that the first container runtime volume exists within the shared unified volume listing, the embodiment may include transforming volume information of the first container runtime volume from a unified volume listing schema to a second container runtime volume listing schema. The embodiment may include returning the volume information of the first container runtime volume to the second container runtime.

Abstract: Systems and methods of transmitting data packets in a live data feed are provided. A live data processing system receives a plurality of tracking data packets that are obtained using radar devices and image capturing devices. The live data processing system determines that a particular tracking data packet is missing from the plurality of tracking data packets based on a predetermined order for receiving the plurality of tracking data packets. The live data processing system queues the plurality of tracking data packets. The live data processing system generates a plurality of message packets based on the plurality of tracking data packets and the particular tracking data packet that is received after receiving the plurality of tracking data packets. The live data processing system transmits, in the live data feed, the plurality of message packets in the predetermined order to a plurality of devices for display.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention may include a method, computer program product and system for data storage management. The embodiment may include receiving a request from a second container runtime for access to a first container runtime volume by the second container runtime. The embodiment may include determining whether the first container runtime volume exists within a shared unified volume listing. Based on determining that the first container runtime volume exists within the shared unified volume listing, the embodiment may include transforming volume information of the first container runtime volume from a unified volume listing schema to a second container runtime volume listing schema. The embodiment may include returning the volume information of the first container runtime volume to the second container runtime.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method, computer system, and computer program product for preventing statistical inference attacks is provided. The present invention may include splitting records into items, and classifying these items into shared items and private items; grouping the private items according to privacy and confidentiality requirements; restricting access of the private items to stakeholders based on the confidentiality requirements using cryptographic keys; generating and encrypting one or more placeholders for both existent and non-existent stakeholders; storing private items in private storage as indicated by links; creating shared records comprising links, placeholders, and shared items; adding integrity signatures to the shared records; and publishing the shared records to a shared medium.

Abstract: A system including a catalytic heat exchanger reactor configured to carry out exothermic decomposition of stable chemical species possessing positive heats of formation. In an embodiment, the reactor is configured to enhance decomposition reaction rates by contacting gas entering with a hot surface. The catalytic heat exchanger is configured to receive N2O and create N2 and O2. A torch is created by fuel together with the hot N2 and the O2. In an embodiment, the reactor is configured to, after an initial period of time, to allow a rapid transfer of products of the decomposition reaction into an engine. In an embodiment, the reactor is configured to enhance decomposition reaction rates by contacting gas entering with a hot surface, and the catalytic heat exchanger reactor is configured to promote the atomization and vaporization of liquid and gelled fuels with gas. Other embodiments are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel antiviral compounds which are covalently attached to solid, macro surfaces. In another embodiment, the invention relates to novel antiviral compositions including a polymeric material and, embedded therein, an antiviral compound. In other embodiments, the invention relates to making a surface antiviral and making a polymeric material antiviral.