Abstract: Textured surface having micro recesses such that the outer surface overhangs the micro recesses. Embodiments of the textured surface include sharp edges for promoting bone deposition and growth within the micro recesses, protrusions of varying depth from the surface that include overhangs, and micro recesses that are at least partially defined by complex ellipsoids.

Abstract: Method for producing a multiplicity of undercut micro recesses in a surface of an article, such that the article exhibits a greater fractal area at a level below the surface than is exhibited at the surface. The method comprises applying a maskant layer to a selected surface of the article, removing the maskant layer in selected loci to expose underlying portions of the article surface in a selected pattern, applying an etchant to the exposed underlying surface portions for a time sufficient to etch the exposed portions of the article and to enable the etchant to etch beneath portions of the remaining maskant layer, and removing the remaining maskant layer to provide the surface in exposed condition with the multiplicity of undercut recesses, to provide an engineered pattern of the recesses.

Abstract: A surgical implant having a datum surface for engaging tissue. Embodiments of the surgical implant include a recess in an original datum surface having a sharp undercut ovoid configuration and a multiplicity of recesses that are interconnected.

Abstract: Textured surface having micro recesses such that the outer surface overhangs the micro recesses. Embodiments of the textured surface include sharp edges for promoting bone deposition and growth within the micro recesses, protrusions of varying depth from the surface that include overhangs, and micro recesses that are at least partially defined by complex ellipsoids.

Abstract: A focused radiation collimator for collimating radiation emitted from a radiation point source located at a substantially known focal distance from the collimator is disclosed. In one embodiment of the disclosed collimator, the collimator is formed by at least two collimator layer groups, aligned, stacked and bonded together immediately adjacent to one another. Each of the collimator layer groups have a plurality of layer group passages arranged there through in a predetermined pattern which is unique to the layer group but which, with the passages of the other collimator layer group in the aligned stack, additively form a plurality of collimator through channels which are substantially aimed at the radiation point source. Each collimating layer group is formed by at least two substantially identical radiation absorbing layers, aligned, stacked and bonded together immediately adjacent to one another.

Abstract: An inhalation device for use in breathing exercises is described. The exerciser includes a thin-walled bellows whose upper end is attached to a top housing member and whose lower end deflects upward upon withdrawal of air from an opening in the upper end of the bellows. Deflection of the bellows allows accurate measurement of the volume of air inhaled by a patient and a true indication whether an inhaled breath is being held. Slotted support arms connecting the top housing member and a bottom housing member permit collapse of the device for storage and shipment of the exerciser as a compact unit. A weight attached to the lower end of the bellows provides a biasing force to assure return of the bellows to a fully extended position even after long-term storage of the device in collapsed form.