Abstract: A method of forming a voided polymer includes forming a polymerizable composition containing a polymer precursor and a solid templating agent, forming a coating of the polymerizable composition, processing the coating to form a cured polymer material having a solid phase in a plurality of defined regions, and removing at least a portion of the solid phase from the cured polymer material to form a voided polymer layer.

Abstract: An encapsulated material containing an oxidation-sensitive core is covered by at least a dried phospholipid layer, and contains at least one phytosterol in the core, the phospholipid layer or in a further layer or layers. By using microencapsulation, oxidatively unstable materials may be provided with a synthetic protective barrier and rendered less susceptible to oxidative degradation.

Abstract: Convert a methylamine (e.g. monomethylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine) to a mixture of olefins (e.g. ethylene, propylene and butylene) by placing the methylamine, optionally in a mixture with at least one of ammonia and an inert diluent, in contact with a microporous acidic silicoaluminophosphate catalyst or a microporous aluminosilicate catalyst.

Abstract: Oxidatively halogenate methane by placing a feedstream that comprises methane, a source of halogen, a source of oxygen and, optionally, a source of diluent gas in contact with a first catalyst (e.g. a solid super acid or a solid super base) that has greater selectivity to methyl halide and carbon monoxide than to methylene halide, trihalomethane or carbon tetrahalide. Improve overall selectivity to methyl halide by using a second catalyst that converts at least part of the feedstream to a mixture of methyl halide, methylene halide, trihalomethane, carbon tetrahalide and unreacted oxygen, and placing that mixture in contact with the first catalyst which converts at least a portion of the methylene halide, trihalomethane and carbon tetrahalide to carbon monoxide, hydrogen halide and water.

Abstract: A method is used to separate fractions from a seed. This can be done by: a) Physically breaking down the Chia seed into smaller particles; b) Adding a liquid carrier to the broken Chia seed to form a Chia liquid carrier blend; c) Optionally providing further processing of the Chia liquid carrier blend to further reduce the particle size of the Chia particles d) Optionally centrifuging the Chia liquid carrier blend; e) Optionally forming at least three discernible layers of materials within the centrifuged Chia liquid carrier blend; f) Optionally separating the composition of at least one layer from remaining layers; and g) Optionally combining the separated layers together into a desired combination/ratios h) Drying the separated layers or combined layers into a flowable powder.

Abstract: Convert a methylamine (e.g. monomethylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine) to a mixture of olefins (e.g. ethylene, propylene and butylene) by placing the methylamine, optionally in a mixture with at least one of ammonia and an inert diluent, in contact with a microporous acidic silicoaluminophosphate catalyst or a microporous aluminosilicate catalyst.

Abstract: A process and catalyst for the hydro-oxidation of an olefin having three or more carbon atoms, such as propylene, to form an olefin oxide, such as propylene oxide. The process involves contacting the olefin with oxygen in the presence of hydrogen and a hydro-oxidation catalyst under reaction conditions; the catalyst comprising gold nanoparticles deposited on a nanoporous titanium-containing support, prepared by depositing a gold-ligand cluster complex onto the support to form a catalyst precursor, and then heating and/or chemically treating the catalyst precursor to form the hydro-oxidation catalyst composition. The hydro-oxidation catalyst exhibits stabilized catalyst activity, enhanced lifetime, and improved hydrogen efficiency.

Abstract: A method is used to separate fractions from a seed. This can be done by: a) Physically breaking down the Chia seed into smaller particles; b) Adding a liquid carrier to the broken Chia seed to form a Chia liquid carrier blend; c) Optionally providing further processing of the Chia liquid carrier blend to further reduce the particle size of the Chia particles d) Optionally centrifuging the Chia liquid carrier blend; e) Optionally forming at least three discernible layers of materials within the centrifuged Chia liquid carrier blend; f) Optionally separating the composition of at least one layer from remaining layers; and g) Optionally combining the separated layers together into a desired combination/ratios h) Drying the separated layers or combined layers into a flowable powder.

Abstract: A method provides a milled whole seed product from a whole seed having at least 0.01% by total weight of oil therein. The whole seed is added to an aqueous carrier which is physically milled at a shear rate of at least 3,000 r.p.m. The shearing is continued until at least 50% by weight of seed solids will pass through a square mesh screen having 1.2 mm screen hole dimensions. The solids in aqueous carrier is collected as a suspension or dispersion in the aqueous carrier. The collected seed solids in aqueous carrier are dried to form a free-flowing powder. The free-flowing powder is rehydrated with a second aqueous medium to form a non-mucilaginous suspension or dispersion.

Abstract: Oxidatively halogenate methane by placing a feedstream that comprises methane, a source of halogen, a source of oxygen and, optionally, a source of diluent gas in contact with a first catalyst (e.g. a solid super acid or a solid super base) that has greater selectivity to methyl halide and carbon monoxide than to methylene halide, trihalomethane or carbon tetrahalide. Improve overall selectivity to methyl halide by using a second catalyst that converts at least part of the feedstream to a mixture of methyl halide, methylene halide, trihalomethane, carbon tetrahalide and unreacted oxygen, and placing that mixture in contact with the first catalyst which converts at least a portion of the methylene halide, trihalomethane and carbon tetrahalide to carbon monoxide, hydrogen halide and water.

Abstract: An encapsulated material containing an oxidation-sensitive core is covered by at least a dried synthetic organelle layer and optional additional ingredients in the organelle layer or additional layers. By using microencapsulation to mimic or otherwise adapt the storage concepts used by seeds to protect triacylglycerol cores, oxidatively unstable materials may be provided with a synthetic, seed-like oxygen-resistant protective barrier and rendered less susceptible to oxidative degradation.

Abstract: An encapsulated material containing an oxidation-sensitive core is covered by at least a dried phospholipid layer, and contains at least one phytosterol in the core, the phospholipid layer or in a further layer or layers. By using microencapsulation, oxidatively unstable materials may be provided with a synthetic protective barrier and rendered less susceptible to oxidative degradation.

Abstract: An encapsulated material is formed by congealing droplets of a molten blend of oxidatively unstable material and phytosterol in a chilling gas stream to form prilled cores containing oxidatively unstable material and phytosterol, and encapsulating the prilled cores in one or more protective shell layers to form free-flowing microparticles.

Abstract: A method is used to separate fractions from a seed. This can be done by: a) Physically breaking down the Chia seed into smaller particles; b) Adding a liquid carrier to the broken Chia seed to form a Chia liquid carrier blend; c) Optionally providing further processing of the Chia liquid carrier blend to further reduce the particle size of the Chia particles d) Optionally centrifuging the Chia liquid carrier blend; e) Optionally forming at least three discernible layers of materials within the centrifuged Chia liquid carrier blend; f) Optionally separating the composition of at least one layer from remaining layers; and g) Optionally combining the separated layers together into a desired combination/ratios h) Drying the separated layers or combined layers into a flowable powder.

Abstract: A process and catalyst for the hydro-oxidation of an olefin having three or more carbon atoms, such as propylene, to form an olefin oxide, such as propylene oxide. The process involves contacting the olefin with oxygen in the presence of hydrogen and a hydro-oxidation catalyst under reaction conditions; the catalyst comprising gold nanoparticles deposited on a nanoporous titanium-containing support, prepared by depositing a gold-ligand cluster complex onto the support to form a catalyst precursor, and then heating and/or chemically treating the catalyst precursor to form the hydro-oxidation catalyst composition. The hydro-oxidation catalyst exhibits stabilized catalyst activity, enhanced lifetime, and improved hydrogen efficiency.

Abstract: A method provides a redispersible nanoparticle powder. The method includes: a) providing within a liquid carrier a first dispersion of nanoparticles having surface hydroxyl groups; b) adding a non-metal-ester molecular reactant for the hydroxyl group into the liquid carrier; c) reacting the reactant with the hydroxyl group to form individual, non-continuous sites having reaction product of the hydroxyl group and the reactant to form a surface treated nanoparticle; and d) drying the surface treated nanoparticle to at least reduce the presence of any excess non-metal-ester molecular reactant and providing non-aggregated powder of the surface treated nanoparticles such that when the dried, treated nanoparticle powder is redispersed as a second dispersion in a carrier or solvent having affinity for the non-metal-ester reactant product, a nano-sized particle is formed.

Abstract: A method of increasing the lifetime of a hydro-oxidation catalyst comprising, preferably, gold, silver, or mixtures thereof, and optionally one or more promoters, on a titanium-containing support, such as a titanosilicate or titanium dispersed on silica. The method of the invention involves contacting the catalyst support with a hydroxy-functionalized organosilicon compound, a carboxy-functionalized organosilicon compound, or a mixture of hydroxy- and carboxy-functionalized organosilicon compounds, such as, sodium methyl siliconate or (2-carboxypropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane. The contacting is preferably conducted during deposition of the catalytic metal(s) and optional promoters(s) onto the support. A catalyst composition and hydro-oxidation process utilizing the silicon-treated catalyst support are also claimed.

Abstract: A process of activating a fresh catalyst or regenerating a deactivated catalyst which is used in a hydro-oxidation process, preferably, the hydro-oxidation of an olefin in the presence of oxygen and hydrogen to an olefin oxide. The hydro-oxidation catalyst preferably comprises at least one metal selected from gold, silver, the platinum group metals, the lanthanide metals, and combinations thereof, incorporated onto a titanium- , vanadium- , or zirconium-containing support, more preferably, a titanium-containing support, such as titanium oxide or a titanosilicate. The activation or regeneration process involves contacting the fresh catalyst or the deactivated catalyst with ozone.

Abstract: A process of preparing a catalyst comprising gold on a titanium-containing support. The method involves impregnating a support with a gold compound, a reducing agent, and optionally a promoter metal, wherein the reducing agent and/or the support contains titanium, and optionally heating the impregnated support. The catalyst is useful in the hydro-oxidation of olefins, such as propylene, with oxygen in the presence of hydrogen to olefin oxides, such as propylene oxide.

Abstract: A process of preparing a catalyst comprising gold on a titanium-containing support. The method involves impregnating a support with a gold compound, a reducing agent, and optionally a promoter metal, wherein the reducing agent and/or the support contains titanium, and optionally heating the impregnated support. The catalyst is useful in the hydro-oxidation of olefins, such as propylene, with oxygen in the presence of hydrogen to olefin oxides, such as propylene oxide.