Abstract: A method is disclosed for preparing ammonium hydroxyalkyl sulfonate by a process of reacting ammonium bisulfite and alkylene oxide wherein the pH is maintained at a relatively low value throughout most of the time of reaction of ammonium bisulfite and alkylene oxide in order to minimize the quantity of impurities, e.g. alkylene glycol and alkanolamine, in the ammonium hydroxyalkyl sulfonate. Ammonium alkanoyl alkyl sulfonates prepared by reacting such ammonium hydroxyalkyl sulfonates with fatty acids form aqueous solutions which are clear at ambient temperatures, and thus are useful as surfactants in clear liquid products.

Abstract: A polymeric reaction product is disclosed that is a silylated polyamine-containing polymer having moieties from fatty acid moieties and/or chain extenders as difunctional organo moieties and free amine moieties and hydrolyzed and/or hydrolyzable organofunctional silane moieties and that is at least water dispersible. The reactants that produce this product are a polyamine-containing polymer with fatty acid moieties and free amine moieties and at least one amine-reactable organo functional alkoxysilane or its hydrolysis products. The former reactant results from the reaction of a polyamine-containing polymer with free amine moieties with fatty acids alone or in mixtures with other fatty acids and/or dimer acids. The polymeric reaction product is combined with a predominant amount of water to form a fiber treating formulation that can reside on the surface of one or more treated fibers.

Abstract: Organic haloformate, e.g., chloroformate, compounds are converted to their corresponding halides, e.g., chlorides, by heating the haloformate, e.g., between 90.degree. C. and 150.degree. C., in the presence of a catalytic amount of an organic quaternary salt, e.g., quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salts, for a time sufficient to convert the haloformate to the corresponding halide.

Abstract: Olefins containing at least 7 carbon atoms are used to remove molecular chlorine form compositions comprising 1,2-dichloroethane and a contaminating amount of molecular chlorine.

Abstract: Organic chloroformate compounds are decomposed to their corresponding chlorides by heating the chloroformate, e.g., between 100.degree. and 175.degree. C., in the presence of a catalytic amount of solid poly(vinylpyridine), e.g., poly(4-vinylpyridine), for a time sufficient to convert the chloroformate to the corresponding chloride.

Abstract: The ultraviolet light transmittance of ethylene glycol containing ultraviolet light absorbing impurities is increased by exposing the ethylene glycol to ultraviolet radiation at a wavelength of at least 220 nanometers from a controllable ultraviolet radiation emission source.

Abstract: Stable monoperoxyphthalic acid is prepared by reacting phthalic anhydride with a stoichiometric excess of concentrated hydrogen peroxide in the absence of basic catalyst in liquid halogenated hydrocarbon medium in which the monoperoxyphthalic acid product is insoluble.

Abstract: Aqueous slurries of acicular habit diperisophthalic acid are converted to slurries of tabular habit by heating at temperatures above 67.degree. C.