Abstract: Methods of etching substrates with small critical dimensions and altering the critical dimensions are disclosed. In one embodiment, a sulfur oxide based plasma is used to etch an amorphous carbon hard mask layer. The features of a pattern can be shrunk using a plasma etch to reduce the resist elements on the surface of the masking structure. Features in the pattern can also be enlarged by depositing polymer on the resist elements or by sloping an underlying layer. In one preferred embodiment, features of the pattern are shrunk before being enlarged in order to reduce line edge roughness.

Abstract: Methods of etching substrates with small critical dimensions and altering the critical dimensions are disclosed. In one embodiment, a sulfur oxide based plasma is used to etch an amorphous carbon hard mask layer. The features of a pattern can be shrunk using a plasma etch to reduce the resist elements on the surface of the masking structure. Features in the pattern can also be enlarged by depositing polymer on the resist elements or by sloping an underlying layer. In one preferred embodiment, features of the pattern are shrunk before being enlarged in order to reduce line edge roughness.

Abstract: An inductive plasma processor includes a multiple winding radio frequency coil having plural electrically parallel, spatially concentric windings (1) having different amounts of RF power supplied to them, and (2) arranged to produce electromagnetic fields having different couplings to different regions of plasma in the chamber to control plasma flux distribution incident on a processed workpiece. The coil is powered by a single radio frequency generator via a single matching network. Input and output ends of each winding are respectively connected to input and output tuning capacitors. In a first embodiment, the location of maximum inductive coupling of the radio frequency to the plasma and the current magnitude in each winding are respectively mainly determined by values of the output and input capacitors.

Abstract: An inductive plasma processor includes a multiple winding radio frequency coil having plural electrically parallel, spatially concentric windings (1) having different amounts of RF power supplied to them, and (2) arranged to produce electromagnetic fields having different couplings to different regions of plasma in the chamber to control plasma flux distribution incident on a processed workpiece. The coil is powered by a single radio frequency generator via a single matching network. Input and output ends of each winding are respectively connected to input and output tuning capacitors. In a first embodiment, the location of maximum inductive coupling of the radio frequency to the plasma and the current magnitude in each winding are respectively mainly determined by values of the output and input capacitors.

Abstract: An inductive plasma processor includes an RF plasma excitation coil having plural windings, each having a first end connected in parallel to be driven by a single RF source via a single matching network. Second ends of the windings are connected to ground by termination capacitors, in turn connected by a lead to ground. A current sensor including a winding around a toroidal core is coupled to the lead between each termination capacitor and ground. The current sensor is surrounded by a grounded shield. There is minimum electromagnetic interference from an ambient RF environment to the current sensor, to provide an accurate current sensor.

Abstract: A radio frequency excitation coil of an inductive plasma processor includes a planar turn connected in series with a segment of the coil stacked above a portion of the planar turn. The stacked segment is placed around a region having weak radio frequency coupling to plasma due to azimuthal asymmetries in the chamber and/or the excitation coil. In a single winding embodiment, the stacked segment is close to an interconnection gap between two adjacent planar turns and extends in both directions from the gap to compensate low radio frequency coupling to plasma in the gap region. In an embodiment including two electrically parallel spatially concentric windings, the stacked segment extends beyond one side of an interconnection gap of two adjacent turns, and is aligned with the planar turn such that one end of the stacked segment is directly connected to an end of the planar turn via a straight, short stub.

Abstract: An inductive plasma processor includes a multiple winding radio frequency coil having plural electrically parallel, spatially concentric windings (1) having different amounts of RF power supplied to them, and (2) arranged to produce electromagnetic fields having different couplings to different regions of plasma in the chamber to control plasma flux distribution incident on a processed workpiece. The coil is powered by a single radio frequency generator via a single matching network. Input and output ends of each winding are respectively connected to input and output tuning capacitors. In a first embodiment, the location of maximum inductive coupling of the radio frequency to the plasma and the current magnitude in each winding are respectively mainly determined by values of the output and input capacitors.

Abstract: An inductive plasma processor includes an RF plasma excitation coil having plural windings, each having a first end connected in parallel to be driven by a single RF source via a single matching network. Second ends of the windings are connected to ground by termination capacitors, in turn connected by a lead to ground. A current sensor including a winding around a toroidal core is coupled to the lead between each termination capacitor and ground. The current sensor is surrounded by a grounded shield. There is minimum electromagnetic interference from an ambient RF environment to the current sensor, to provide an accurate current sensor.

Abstract: A radio frequency plasma multiple-coil antenna allows for controllable, uniform inductive coupling within a plasma reactor. According to exemplary embodiments, multiple coils are positioned on a dielectric window of a plasma chamber, and are powered by a single radio frequency generator and tuned by a single matching network. Each coil is either planar or a combination of a planar coil and a vertically stacked helical coil. The input end of each coil is connected to an input tuning capacitor and the output end is terminated to the ground through an output tuning capacitor. The location of the maximum inductive coupling of the radio frequency to the plasma is mainly determined by the output capacitor, while the input capacitor is mainly used to adjust current magnitude into each coil.

Abstract: A radio frequency excitation coil of an inductive plasma processor includes a planar turn connected in series with a segment of the coil stacked above a portion of the planar turn. The stacked segment is placed around a region having weak radio frequency coupling to plasma due to azimuthal asymmetries in the chamber and/or the excitation coil. In a single winding embodiment, the stacked segment is close to an interconnection gap between two adjacent planar turns and extends in both directions from the gap to compensate low radio frequency coupling to plasma in the gap region. In an embodiment including two electrically parallel spatially concentric windings, the stacked segment extends beyond one side of an interconnection gap of two adjacent turns, and is aligned with the planar turn such that one end of the stacked segment is directly connected to an end of the planar turn via a straight, short stub.

Abstract: A radio frequency plasma multiple-coil antenna allows for controllable, uniform inductive coupling within a plasma reactor. According to exemplary embodiments, multiple coils are positioned on a dielectric window of a plasma chamber, and are powered by a single radio frequency generator and tuned by a single matching network. Each coil is either planar or a combination of a planar coil and a vertically stacked helical coil. The input end of each coil is connected to an input tuning capacitor and the output end is terminated to the ground through an output tuning capacitor. The location of the maximum inductive coupling of the radio frequency to the plasma is mainly determined by the output capacitor, while the input capacitor is mainly used to adjust current magnitude into each coil.

Abstract: Radio frequency plasma coupling systems allow for controllable, uniform inductive coupling within a plasma reactor, as well as separately controllable, uniform capacitive coupling within the reactor. According to exemplary embodiments, a set of parallel coupling elements are positioned on a dielectric window of a plasma chamber, and the positioning of the elements and/or a set of phase shifters situated between the elements are used to force the radio frequency current flowing within the elements to be oriented in a common direction. Consequently, the inductively coupled fields generated by the elements are reinforcing, and induce a highly uniform plasma in the reactor. Further, the electrical characteristics of the elements are such that independently controllable and highly uniform capacitive coupling can be provided in order to prevent polymer buildup on components within the reactor.