Abstract: A substrate assembly includes a first substrate having a first surface and an oppositely facing second surface. Signal pathways are provided on the first surface. The signal pathways extend to first openings which extend inward from an edge of the substrate. First ground pathways are provided on the first surface. Each of the first ground pathways are positioned adjacent at least one of the signal pathways. The first ground pathways extend to second openings which extend inward from the edge of the substrate. Signal contacts are mounted to the first substrate. The signal contacts have first mounting surfaces which provide mechanical and electrical engagement with the first openings. Ground contacts are mounted to the first substrate. The ground contacts have second mounting surfaces which provide mechanical and electrical engagement with the second openings.

Abstract: A quantum circuit performing quantum computation in a quantum computer. A chosen transformation of an initial n-qubit state is probabilistically obtained. The circuit comprises a unitary quantum operator obtained from a non-unitary quantum operator, operating on an n-qubit state and an ancilla state. When operation on the ancilla state provides a success condition, computation is stopped. When operation on the ancilla state provides a failure condition, computation is performed again on the ancilla state and the n-qubit state obtained in the previous computation, until a success condition is obtained.