Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product for establishing a logical connection between an indirect utterance and a transaction is described. An indirect utterance is received from a user as an input to a conversational system. The indirect utterance is parsed to a first logical form. A first set of predicates and terms is mapped from the first logical form to a first subgraph in a knowledge graph. A second set of predicates and terms is mapped from a second logical form belonging to a transaction to a second subgraph of the knowledge graph. A best path in the knowledge graph between the first subgraph and the second subgraph is searched for while transforming the first logical form using the node and edge labels along the best path to generate an intermediate logical form. A system action is performed for a transaction if a graph structure of the intermediate logical form matches the graph structure of the logical form of the transaction above a threshold.

Abstract: An antenna system is provided. Such antenna system includes a first Vivaldi antenna element positioned in a first plane and including first and second radiating elements and a first slot disposed between the first and second radiating elements. The antenna system also includes a first signal feed electrically coupled across the first slot at a first location and a first conductive strip positioned in a second plane offset from and parallel to the first plane. The first conductive strip is positioned in the second plane such that a first longitudinal axis of the first conductive strip runs parallel to a first central axis of the first slot.

Abstract: An antenna system is provided. Such antenna system includes a first Vivaldi antenna element positioned in a first plane and including first and second radiating elements and a first slot disposed between the first and second radiating elements. The antenna system also includes a first signal feed electrically coupled across the first slot at a first location and a first conductive strip positioned in a second plane offset from and parallel to the first plane. The first conductive strip is positioned in the second plane such that a first longitudinal axis of the first conductive strip runs parallel to a first central axis of the first slot.

Abstract: A dual polarized antenna feed system can include a first single polarized antenna feed element oriented on a first axis relative to a polarization filter and a second single polarized antenna feed element oriented on a second axis relative to the polarization filter such that the first and second axes are not common and not parallel. The polarization filter can include a plurality of conductors, a polarization of the first single polarized antenna feed element can be parallel to the plurality of conductors so that the polarization filter can reflect a majority of incident signals originating from the first single polarized antenna feed element, and a polarization of the second single polarized antenna feed element can be orthogonal to the plurality of conductors so that the polarization filter can be transparent to a majority of incident signals originating from the second single polarized antenna feed element.

Abstract: An antenna system is provided that can include a plurality of parasitic elements connected to and extending from a ground plane, wherein each of the plurality of parasitic elements can be oriented at a common pitch angle, wherein each of the plurality of parasitic elements can be positioned at a uniform distance from a center of an antenna disposed on the ground plane, and wherein a respective length of each of the plurality of parasitic elements, the common pitch angle, and/or the uniform distance can be optimized so as to broaden a beamwidth of a radiation pattern produced by the antenna.

Abstract: An antenna system is provided that can include a plurality of parasitic elements connected to and extending from a ground plane, wherein each of the plurality of parasitic elements can be oriented at a common pitch angle, wherein each of the plurality of parasitic elements can be positioned at a uniform distance from a center of an antenna disposed on the ground plane, and wherein a respective length of each of the plurality of parasitic elements, the common pitch angle, and/or the uniform distance can be optimized so as to broaden a beamwidth of a radiation pattern produced by the antenna.

Abstract: An omni-directional horizontally polarized antenna system is provided that can include an omni-directional vertically polarized antenna and a plurality of linear polarization filters concentrically surrounding the omni-directional vertically polarized antenna. The omni-directional vertically polarized antenna can generate a vertically polarized field, and the plurality of linear polarization filters can progressively rotate the vertically polarized field 90° to form a horizontally polarized field outside of the plurality of linear polarization filters.

Abstract: An omni-directional horizontally polarized antenna system is provided that can include an omni-directional vertically polarized antenna and a plurality of linear polarization filters concentrically surrounding the omni-directional vertically polarized antenna. The omni-directional vertically polarized antenna can generate a vertically polarized field, and the plurality of linear polarization filters can progressively rotate the vertically polarized field 90° to form a horizontally polarized field outside of the plurality of linear polarization filters.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for producing a wide E-plane half power beamwidth. The apparatus can include a dipole antenna and a complimentary slot antenna in an infinite ground plane. The apparatus can also include a waveguide with surrounding structure that can be adjusted to produce the desired half power beamwidth.

Abstract: An apparatus that achieves high isolation between dipoles and feed systems is provided. The apparatus includes a plurality of transmission lines, a first dipole electrically connected to a first set of the plurality of transmission lines, and second dipole electrically connected to a second set of the plurality of transmission lines. The electric field of the first dipole is parallel to an electric field of the first set of the plurality of transmission lines, and an electric field of the second dipole is parallel to an electric field of the second set of the plurality of transmission lines.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for producing a wide E-plane half power beamwidth. The apparatus can include a dipole antenna and a complimentary slot antenna in an infinite ground plane. The apparatus can also include a waveguide with surrounding structure that can be adjusted to produce the desired half power beamwidth.

Abstract: An apparatus that achieves high isolation between dipoles and feed systems is provided. The apparatus includes a plurality of transmission lines, a first dipole electrically connected to a first set of the plurality of transmission lines, and second dipole electrically connected to a second set of the plurality of transmission lines. The electric field of the first dipole is parallel to an electric field of the first set of the plurality of transmission lines, and an electric field of the second dipole is parallel to an electric field of the second set of the plurality of transmission lines.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for producing a wide E-plane half power beamwidth. The apparatus can include a dipole antenna and a complimentary slot antenna in an infinite ground plane. The apparatus can also include a waveguide with surrounding structure that can be adjusted to produce the desired half power beamwidth.

Abstract: A cable coupler between a trunk cable having a first center conductor and a first outer conductor and a second cable having a second center conductor and a second outer conductor. An aperture is formed in the first outer conductor; a probe having a capacitive element on a first end is inserted into the aperture to contact the first center conductor. A second end of the probe is coupled to the second center conductor. The first outer conductor and the second outer conductor may be coupled together directly or via a second capacitor. A cover may be added to secure the different components and or to provide environmental protection for the cable coupler. The capacitive element may be mounted on an insulating substrate. A range of capacitive elements may be used to achieve a desired coupling between the trunk cable and the second cable.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a cable tap for coupling a co-axial trunk cable having a trunk outer conductor, to a tap cable. A channel is formed in the trunk outer conductor; a first tap conductor is coupled to a first side of the channel; and a second tap conductor is coupled to a second side of the channel. Alternatively, a trough may be formed and a conductor coupled with one end of the trough inserted. A fixture with an aperture for guiding a cutting tool to form a desired channel or trough may be supplied in a kit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a cable coupler for coupling a co-axial trunk cable having a trunk outer conductor, to a coupler cable. A channel is formed in the trunk outer conductor; a first coupler conductor is coupled to a first side of the channel; and a second coupler conductor is coupled to a second side of the channel. Alternatively, a trough may be formed and a conductor coupled with one end of a conductor inserted in the trough. Channels or troughs may be pre-formed in a trunk cable creating coupler connection points that may be quickly adapted to form a coupler with minimal field installation requirements. The coupler coupling factor may be varied by electrically shortening the channel or trough with, for example, a conductive ring, conductive foil or a conductive collar.

Abstract: An omnidirectional microwave antenna comprises a paraboloidal reflector disposed above the ground and facing downwardly with a substantially horizontal aperture and a substantially vertical axis. A vertically oriented feed horn is located below the paraboloidal reflector on the axis of the paraboloidal reflector and has a phase center located near the focal point of the paraboloidal reflector. A conical reflector having a shaped reflecting surface defined by the parameters of a mathematical equation extends downwardly away from the periphery of the feed horn for reflecting radiation received vertically from the paraboloidal reflector in a horizontal direction away from the conical reflector, and for reflecting horizontally received radiation vertically to the paraboloidal reflector.