Abstract: An improved process for the production of higher octane number products by the high intensity mixing of alkylation media, or media wherein olefins are alkylated by the addition thereto of isobutane. The alkylation reaction is conducted by contact between the reactants, which constitute a hydrocarbon phase, and an acid catalyst which constitutes an aqueous phase, the reactants being dispersed as an emulsion. It is found that when stirring an alkylation medium at above a certain threshold fluid mixing intensity, a C.sub.6 + Motor Octane Number (MON) improvement ranging from about 0.5, and generally from about 0.5 to about 3.3, can be obtained by alkylating olefins with isobutane at high acid concentration while maintaining an acid soluble oil content ranging to about 3 percent, preferably from about 0.1 to about 3 percent, and more preferably from about 0.5 to about 2.5 percent, based on the weight of the reaction mixture, exclusive of the hydrocarbon phase.

Abstract: The deactivated fluorosulfuric acid catalyst in olefin-paraffin alkylation is regenerated by (1) contacting the acid phase with water to form an acid-water mixture (2) stripping the acid-water mixture with a paraffin to form a gaseous phase of hydrogen fluoride and paraffin (3) cooling the gaseous phase with liquid paraffin to form a liquid fluorosulfuric acid and a vapor containing fluorosulfuric acid, hydrogen fluoride and paraffin (4) treating the vapor with liquid SO.sub.3, and utilizing liquid fluorosulfuric acid in the treating step in countercurrent flow to the vapor to convert the hydrogen fluoride to regenerated fluorosulfuric acid, (5) the remaining gas phase containing paraffin and a minor amount of fluorosulfuric acid is cooled to condense all the fluorosulfuric acid to liquid and (6) the regenerated liquid fluorosulfuric acid is used as the countercurrent flowing liquid fluorosulfuric acid in treating step (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel mixing head, which comprises a pair of coaxially spaced discs, each of said discs having a plurality of substantially radially extending slots, each of said slots having a leading edge and a trailing edge and each slot being aligned with a corresponding slot on the other disc; a substantially radially extending blade along the trailing edge of each of said aligned slots; and a blade perpendicularly extending substantially from the leading edge of each of said aligned slots to the edge of said discs, said blades being disposed in the space between said discs, perpendicular to the plane of the discs, and are secured to each disc to form compartments in the space between the discs. The novel mixing head also comprises means for connecting with a rotatable shaft. This novel mixer is especially useful for mixing immiscible liquids, to provide high surface areas, and in other processes requiring high local agitation at low power inputs, as for example, in alkylation processes.