Abstract: A method and apparatus for sealing a tail of a log of web material is provided. A linear tail seal system includes a track and electromagnets that cooperate to move a linear motor. The tail of the log is detected by an electronic eye as the log moves near the linear tail seal system, which signals an adhesive applicator to apply an adhesive to the log. An ironing roll forms a tail seal by adhesively ironing the tail seal on the log. A process for making a roll having a well defined handle formed by the linear tail seal system is also provided.

Abstract: Chemical pulp is produced from hardwood chips in a simplified manner utilizing a continuous digester. An inverted top separator is provided in the circulatory loop between the high pressure feeder and the top of the continuous digester for thermally isolating circulations on either side of the inverted top separator. Relatively cool liquor circulates between the inverted top separator and high pressure feeder, at a temperature such that it will not flash into steam in a high pressure feeder, while in the circulatory loop from the high pressure feeder to the digester the chips are in cooking liquor at cooking temperature. Since hardwood chips require less cooking than softwood chips, a single heating source for heating the liquor to cooking temperature is provided, external of the digester, and a conventional cooking circulation loop within the digester is not required.

Abstract: a method for semiconductor device manufacture comprising the steps of, (a) repetitively aligning photomasks over a surface of a semiconductor substrate, said substrate having a layer of opaque material on said surface, said opaque material being adapted to receive and retain a photographic pattern; and (b) at least one of said steps employing a photomask of a particular construction, said particularly constructed photomask being placed in physical contact with said opaque material, said particularly constructed photomask essentially consisting of a planar glass substrate having a thickness of approximately 0.25 inches, one surface of said glass substrate having a thin film of chrome thereon, said thin film of chrome having a thickness of approximately 0.1 microns, said thin film of chrome having a photographic pattern formed therein, a layer of SiO.sub.2 fully covering said thin film of chrome and said surface of said glass substrate, said SiO.sub.