Abstract: Methods for constructing multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) antenna arrays, may include: variable doping of the MWCNTs, forming light pipes with layers of variable dielectric glass, forming geometric diodes on full-wave rectified devices that propagate both electrons and holes, using clear conductive ground plans to form windows that can control a building's internal temperature, and generating multiple lithographic patterns with a single mask.

Abstract: A draw type bag with two single draw tapes having a front wall and back wall of flexible sheet material joined to each other along edges of the bag. Tubular channels extend along opposed transverse top edges of the front and back walls. The channels define an open mouth for the bag. Each of the channels has openings at the opposite ends of the top edges of the bag. A pair of draw tapes extends through both of the channels. One end of each of the tapes is attached to opposite side edges of the bag beneath the openings in one of the channels and the other end of each of the tapes extends through the openings at the corresponding ends of the other of the channels so that the tapes cross each other in both channels and wrap around the mouth of the bag whereby when the tapes are pulled the mouth of the bag is drawn tightly together.

Abstract: A dual draw tape bag has a front wall and back wall of flexible sheet material joined to each other along edges of the bag. Tubular channels extend along opposed transverse top edges of the front and back walls. The channels define an open mouth for the bag. Each of the channels has openings at the opposite ends of the top edges of the bag. A pair of tapes extend through each of the chanels. One of the ends of each of the tapes is attached to the opposite side edges of the bag beneath the openings in the channels and the other ends of the tapes extend through the respective openings at the other end of the channels so that the tapes cross in the channels, whereby when the tapes are pulled, the top of the bag is drawn tightly together.

Abstract: A draw tape bag with two single draw tapes having a front wall and back wall of flexible sheet material joined to each other along edges of the bag. Tubular channels extend along opposed transverse top edges of the front and back walls. The channels define an open mouth for the bag. Each of the channels has openings at the opposite ends of the top edges of the bag. A pair of draw tapes extends through both of the channels. One end of each of the tapes is attached to opposite side edges of the bag beneath the openings in one of the channels and the other end of each of the tapes extends through the openings at the corresponding ends of the other of the channels so that the tapes cross each other in both channels and wrap around the mouth of the bag whereby when the tapes are pulled the mouth of the bag is drawn tightly together.

Abstract: A draw tape bag with two single tapes has a front wall and back wall of flexible sheet material joined to each other along edges of the bag. Tubular channels extend along opposed transverse top edges of the front and back walls. The channels define an open mouth for the bag. Each of the channels has openings at the opposite ends of the top edges of the bag. A tape extends through each of the channels. One of the ends of each of the tape is attached to the opposite side edges of the bag beneath the openings in the channels and the other end of the tape extends through the respective opening at the other end of the channel so that the tapes cross in their respective channels, whereby when the tapes are pulled, the top of the bag is drawn tightly together. A method of forming this draw tape bag is also disclosed.

Abstract: A twist-tie system, whereby a gang of edge-connected but separable twist ties are fastened to a desired surface. The twist-tie system includes a gang of twist ties, an adhesive layer applied to a portion of one surface of the gang of twist ties, and a removable protective material applied to an exposed surface of the adhesive layer. The protective material can be removed to expose the surface of the adhesive layer to permit fastening of the gang of twist ties to a surface by use of the adhesive layer. At least a portion of the gang of twist ties, spaced from the portion of the one surface of the gang of twist ties, can be formed in a waved profile. Undulations of the waves in this profile extend in a same direction as a longitudinal extent of ties in the gang of twist ties. The removable protective material does not extend beyond a perimeter of the gang of twist ties.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fastening apparatus for fastening a gang of edge-connected but separable twist ties to a desired surface. The apparatus includes a material having a first adhesive coated surface secured to the gang of ties and a second adhesive coated surface, opposite the first, for securing the gang of ties to the desired surface. A releasable protective cover covers the second adhesive coated surface.

Abstract: A thermoplastic bag particularly adapted for the containment and storage of foods comprising a laminar bag structure having an interior layer of a high density polyethylene copolymer and an exterior layer of polypropylene. The layers are intimately and continuously bonded together at their interface. Such bag structures are suitable for the containment of foodstuffs while they are being heated or reheated following storage.

Abstract: A thermoplastic bag particularly adapted for the containment and storage of foods comprising a laminar bag structure having an interior layer of a high density polyethylene and an exterior layer of nylon 6. The layers are lightly bonded together at their interface. Such bag structures are suitable for the containment of foodstuffs while they are being heated or reheated following storage.

Abstract: A plastic bag such as trash can liners, grass and leaf bags, sandwich bags and the like is reinforced by placing spaced ribs therein, integral with the wall structure, the ribs having a rib-to-rib spacing in the order of 1/8 to 2 cm, the ribs being peaked and merging smoothly from a projecting peak to the thickness of the walls between the ribs, the peaks extending about 1.5 to 10 times the wall thickness of the film which is preferably, in the order of about 0.4 to 2.0 mils. Upon extrusion, the extrusion die is formed with small notches with rounded corners so that the ribs are extruded while the film material is extruded, and provide additional material in the region of the ribs which merges smoothly with the material being extruded to form the film. Such rib-reinforced bag structures may be produced by forming a continuous roll of such bags, the individual bags in such a roll being readily separated along predetermined lines of weakness.

Abstract: A method is provided for the pretreatment of superposed layers of thermosplastic film which are to be heat sealed together, longitudinally, along a predetermined area. The film layers to be heat sealed are preheated utilizing heated air along a defined, continuous longitudinally extending area of the film layers. The preheated area is subsequently passed through a slit-seal device which simultaneously severs the preheated film layers and seals the severed edges together. The method is particularly useful for the slit-sealing of a continuously advancing flattened tube of thermoplastic which is characterized by having a non-uniform gauge in cross-section.

Abstract: A carton and an asssembly of individual bags packaged therein. The carton is provided with an elongated slot which is located along an upper edge of the carton whereby individual bags may be dispensed from the carton one at a time. The bags are so arranged within the carton and the carton slot is so positioned that, upon withdrawal of each bag, the closure flap adjacent the bag mouth will be withdrawn first from the carton, making the open-bag mouth initially accessible for product insertion.

Abstract: An adhesive closure for bags, such as sandwich bags for example, comprising an adhesive stripe located adjacent the open mouth portion of the bag. The adhesive stripe is covered until ready for use by the upper portion of the bag's front wall whereby upward displacement of the front wall exposes the adhesive stripe for sealing the upper portion of the bag walls together.

Abstract: A plastic bag such as trash can liners, grass and leaf bags, sandwich bags and the like is reinforced by placing spaced ribs therein, integral with the wall structure, the ribs having a rib-to-rib spacing in the order of 1/8 to 2 cm, the ribs being peaked and merging smoothly from a projecting peak to the thickness of the walls between the ribs, the peaks extending about 1.5 to 10 times the wall thickness of the film which is, preferably, in the order of about 0.4 to 2.0 mils. Upon extrusion, the extrusion die is formed with small notches with rounded corners so that the ribs are extruded while the film material is extruded, and provide additional material in the region of the ribs which merges smoothly with the material being extruded to form the film. Such rib-reinforced bag structures may be produced by forming a continuous roll of such bags, the individual bags in such a roll being readily separated along predetermined lines of weakness.

Abstract: A thermoplastic bag comprising a front wall and a rear wall. The upper edge of said rear wall is turned inwardly and the resultant downwardly facing pouch is sealed along its edges to the upper edges of the rear bag walls. The upper portion of the front bag wall has an adhesive stripe extending across the width thereof. The adhesive stripe is protected from direct contact with the pouch on the opposite wall, until it is desired to close and seal the bag, by means of a strip of release paper covering the adhesive or, alternatively, by folding a portion of the front bag wall back upon itself to cover the adhesive stripe.