Abstract: In a magnetron sputtering cathode, the magnetic field is translated across the face of the sputtering target. The magnetic field determines the region from which most material from the target is ejected, and therefore the cathode provides a means of electrically varying the size, shape or location of the active region on the face of the target. The cathode may be used to coat a large number of substrates by sweeping the magnetic field across a large target rather than mechanically transporting the substrates across a small fixed target. The cathode allows more efficient utilization of the target through rapid and periodic changes in the size or location of the magnetic field and associated target erosion. These changes prevent formation of the localized and deep erosion ring that develops on targets used with existing cathode designs and relieves the requirement that the target be changed before the bulk of the material is consumed.

Abstract: A nozzle and pole piece are formed from a single magnetic part so that the ends of the nozzle and pole piece are substantially coplanar. When used with a current-to-pressure transducer, the coplanar design allows proper alignment of the diaphragm employed for sealing the nozzle without canting and misalignment of the diaphragm. The integral nozzle and pole piece structure is relatively easy to machine and manufacture.

Abstract: A current-to-pressure transducer that is insensitive to shock employs a magnetic fluid that deforms a flexible diaphragm in response to an electrical input current that is applied to a coil and magnetic circuit. The deformed diaphragm varies the air space between the diaphragm and a nozzle connected to the air line so that the pressure within the air line is effectively controlled.

Abstract: A magnetic material of amorphous iron-nitride and a method for preparing the same are provided.