Abstract: An electrochemical cell for which fuel is prepared and introduced under artificial gravity forces. The active metal is deposited through the action of the field on an anode current collecting member, effecting good compaction and reduced cell internal impedance. A microprocessor provides control of the induced gravity, flow rates, temperature, and other variables-enabling the active metal to be controlled in its thickness as well as providing a predetermined separation from the cathode. Abrasion of the cathode and the possibility of shorting are avoided by the presence of outwardly directed radial forces. These forces are induced by rotation of the electrolyte, air cathode, anode collector and the active metal. The forces promote also the passage of moisture laden air through the air cathode elements. Reaction products produced within the cell volume are circulated to an outside container for separation and possible reuse.

Abstract: A system which will provide emergency lighting as desired when the normal power supply such as the utility power is interrupted or otherwise not available. The system provides the emergency power by means of the same wiring that is used to provide the utility power to the lights. In addition, the "on-off" switch or switches used to control the turning on and off of the lights when the utility power is available also provides control of the lights when the emergency supply is being utilized.

Abstract: Electrochemical energy cells are disclosed. The energy cells are basically reserve-type batteries in which the electrolyte is separated from the electrodes until the battery is ready for use. In a first embodiment, the battery is a cylindrical battery in which the electrolyte is stored in a frangible envelope inside the battery case and above the electrode structure. Means are provided to break the envelope holding the electrolyte to permit the electrolyte to flow into the electrode cavity. The anode and cathode are designed to permit free flow of the electrolyte. In a second embodiment, the battery is also cylindrically shaped but is formed in a very thin or short cylinder. In this second embodiment the electrolyte is stored in a frangible envelope in the center of the battery casing. Again, means are provided to break the frangible envelope so that the electrolyte can flow into the electrode cavity and activate the battery.