Abstract: An Adaptive Polarization Array (APA) Algorithm is described for analyzing a wireless signal transmitted by an entity to determine a received polarization of the received wireless signal at a non-coherent receiver. The APA Algorithm determines a transmit polarization state for a transmitter to transmit signals to the entity based in part on the determined received polarization. The transmitter is an arbitrary-polarized transmitter configured to transmit signals at any polarization.

Abstract: Horizontally polarized and dual polarized antennas are described herein. In some examples, a horizontally polarized and dual polarized antenna may be mounted or operated with the physical vertical axis of the antenna being substantially perpendicular to a plane defined by the surface of the earth, and emanate an electric field that is parallel to the surface of the earth. The antenna may have a multi-slot aperture that reduces a variation in the far field omni-directional pattern. The antenna may have various cross-sectional configurations, and may have a radome at least partially surrounding the antenna and a supporting structure.

Abstract: An Adaptive Polarization Array (APA) Algorithm is described for adjusting the polarization orientation of antennas, such as Dual-polarized array antennas. The APA Algorithm searches to find a polarization state that maximizes a signal quality of a received signal in the presence of interfering signals and noise. The search facilitates adjustment of a polarization state of, for example, receive antennas to maximize a signal quality metric. A proxy metric having no local maxima other than the global maximum is used to search the polarization search domain to find a best polarization state.

Abstract: A tool measures the vertical distance and lateral distance between a brake pedal pad and an accelerator pedal pad. A base plate lies atop the brake pedal pad. A first measuring plate is mounted on the base plate for movement laterally toward and away from the accelerator pedal pad. A second measuring plate is mounted on the first measuring plate for movement laterally with the first measuring plate to engage a lateral edge of the accelerator pedal pad and for movement vertically to engage with a top surface of the accelerator pedal pad. First measuring indicia provided on the base plate and the first measuring plate reads the lateral distance between the brake pedal pad and the accelerator pedal pad. And a second measuring indicia provided on the first measuring plate and the second measuring plate reads the vertical height between the brake pedal pad and the accelerator pedal pad.

Abstract: An Adaptive Polarization Array (APA) Algorithm is described for analyzing a wireless signal transmitted by an entity to determine a received polarization of the received wireless signal at a non-coherent receiver. The APA Algorithm determines a transmit polarization state for a transmitter to transmit signals to the entity based in part on the determined received polarization. The transmitter is an arbitrary-polarized transmitter configured to transmit signals at any polarization.

Abstract: Antennas that can transceive signals in a horizontally-polarized, omni-directional manner are described. In an example embodiment, an antenna comprises a spiraling surface having a spiral cross-section, the surface forming an internal cavity, an internal channel to the external surface, and an internal wall common to the cavity and the channel. Further, an example embodiment comprises a longitudinal opening allowing access to the cavity and the channel by a transmission feed line. Alternate embodiments comprise various cross-sectional configurations, and may also comprise a radome at least partially surrounding the antenna spiraling surface and supporting structure.

Abstract: Horizontally polarized and dual polarized antennas are described herein. In some examples, a horizontally polarized and dual polarized antenna may be mounted or operated with the physical vertical axis of the antenna being substantially perpendicular to a plane defined by the surface of the earth, and emanate an electric field that is parallel to the surface of the earth. The antenna may have a multi-slot aperture that reduces a variation in the far field omni-directional pattern. The antenna may have various cross-sectional configurations, and may have a radome at least partially surrounding the antenna and a supporting structure.

Abstract: In an implementation of directed wireless communication, a multi-beam directed signal system coordinates directed wireless communication with client devices. A transmit beam-forming network routes data communication transmissions to the client devices via directed communication beams that are emanated from an antenna assembly, and a receive beam-forming network receives data communication receptions from the client devices via the directed communication beams.

Abstract: A tool measures the vertical distance and lateral distance between a brake pedal pad and an accelerator pedal pad. A base plate lies atop the brake pedal pad. A first measuring plate is mounted on the base plate for movement laterally toward and away from the accelerator pedal pad. A second measuring plate is mounted on the first measuring plate for movement laterally with the first measuring plate to engage a lateral edge of the accelerator pedal pad and for movement vertically to engage with a top surface of the accelerator pedal pad. First measuring indicia provided on the base plate and the first measuring plate reads the lateral distance between the brake pedal pad and the accelerator pedal pad. And a second measuring indicia provided on the first measuring plate and the second measuring plate reads the vertical height between the brake pedal pad and the accelerator pedal pad.

Abstract: An Adaptive Polarization Array (APA) Algorithm is described for adjusting the polarization orientation of antennas, such as Dual-polarized array antennas. The APA Algorithm searches to find a polarization state that maximizes a signal quality of a received signal in the presence of interfering signals and noise. The search facilitates adjustment of a polarization state of, for example, receive antennas to maximize a signal quality metric. A proxy metric having no local maxima other than the global maximum is used to search the polarization search domain to find a best polarization state.

Abstract: Antennas that can transceive signals in an elliptically-polarized, omni-directional manner are described. In an example embodiment, an antenna comprises two elements proximally located to each other at a predetermined distance, such that two orthogonally-polarized omni-directional electromagnetic waves are tranceived. In a further example, the two elements are supported by an internal printed circuit, the printed circuit including conductors configured to supply a feed to the elements, which may be contained within a radome. Alternate embodiments comprise a plurality of elements of varying lengths.

Abstract: Antennas that can transceive signals in an elliptically-polarized, omni-directional manner are described. In an example embodiment, an antenna comprises two elements proximally located to each other at a predetermined distance, such that two orthogonally-polarized omni-directional electromagnetic waves are tranceived. In a further example, the two elements are supported by an internal printed circuit, the printed circuit including conductors configured to supply a feed to the elements, which may be contained within a radome. Alternate embodiments comprise a plurality of elements of varying lengths.

Abstract: Antennas that can transceive signals in a horizontally-polarized, omni-directional manner are described. In an example embodiment, an antenna comprises a spiraling surface having a spiral cross-section, the surface forming an internal cavity, an internal channel to the external surface, and an internal wall common to the cavity and the channel. Further, an example embodiment comprises a longitudinal opening allowing access to the cavity and the channel by a transmission feed line. Alternate embodiments comprise various cross-sectional configurations, and may also comprise a radome at least partially surrounding the antenna spiraling surface and supporting structure.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and systems are provided for use in a wireless routing network. One apparatus, for example, includes an adaptive antenna that is configurable to receive a transmission signal from a transmitter and in response transmit corresponding outgoing multi-beam electromagnetic signals exhibiting a plurality of selectively placed transmission peaks and transmission nulls within a far field region of a coverage area. The adaptive antenna may also be configured to selectively receive at least one incoming electromagnetic signal directed through the coverage area. The adaptive antenna includes at least one antenna array and logic. The antenna array has a plurality of antenna elements. The logic is operatively coupled to the antenna array and configured to selectively control the placement of the transmission peaks and transmission nulls within the outgoing multi-beam electromagnetic signals.

Abstract: In an implementation of directed wireless communication, a multi-beam directed signal system coordinates directed wireless communication with client devices. A transmit beam-forming network routes data communication transmissions to the client devices via directed communication beams that are emanated from an antenna assembly, and a receive beam-forming network receives data communication receptions from the client devices via the directed communication beams.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and systems are provided for use in a wireless routing network. One apparatus, for example, includes an adaptive antenna that is configurable to receive a transmission signal from a transmitter and in response transmit corresponding outgoing multi-beam electromagnetic signals exhibiting a plurality of selectively placed transmission peaks and transmission nulls within a far field region of a coverage area. The adaptive antenna may also be configured to selectively receive at least one incoming electromagnetic signal directed through the coverage area. The adaptive antenna includes at least one antenna array and logic. The antenna array has a plurality of antenna elements. The logic is operatively coupled to the antenna array and configured to selectively control the placement of the transmission peaks and transmission nulls within the outgoing multi-beam electromagnetic signals.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and systems are provided for use in a wireless routing network. One apparatus, for example, includes an adaptive antenna that is configurable to receive a transmission signal from a transmitter and in response transmit corresponding outgoing multi-beam electromagnetic signals exhibiting a plurality of selectively placed transmission peaks and transmission nulls within a far field region of a coverage area. The adaptive antenna may also be configured to selectively receive at least one incoming electromagnetic signal directed through the coverage area. The adaptive antenna includes at least one antenna array and logic. The antenna array has a plurality of antenna elements. The logic is operatively coupled to the antenna array and configured to selectively control the placement of the transmission peaks and transmission nulls within the outgoing multi-beam electromagnetic signals.

Abstract: Vector modulation is effected by summing output signals from two phase modulators. The lack of amplitude modulation on the signals when summed permits non-linear processing of the signals, such as PLL frequency translation. In one embodiment, the phase modulators comprise fractional-N phase locked loops modulated with digital data words. In another, the phase modulators comprise direct digital synthesizers.