Abstract: An image light guide including a surface having a coating, a first plurality of diffractive features arranged in the coating, and a second plurality of diffractive features arranged in the coating. Wherein at least one of the first and second pluralities of diffractive features comprise a sub-wavelength stepped pattern configured to diffract incident light as if the stepped pattern diffractive features were linear diffractive features.

Abstract: A method of determining a physical location for an address. The method includes receiving from a first global positioning system on a vehicle a first set of global positioning data indicative of a vehicle location. The method may also receive from a second global positioning system on a portable electronic device a second set of global positioning data indicative of a portable electronic device location. The method may also receive a set of location metadata associated with a picture. The method determines a residence location from the first set of global positioning data, the second set of global positioning data, or the set of location metadata. The method then associates the physical location to the address.

Abstract: A protective cover for cards that can conveniently be snapped into place on the back of the card and readily removed and replaced any number of times for convenience. Such a protective cover does not interfere with the use of the card. in addition, the protective cover protects the magnetic strip of the card or the bar codes of the card such that attempts to retrieve the information on the magnetic strips and the bar codes by radio frequency use is prevented.

Abstract: An ozone generator for providing ozone enriched air that comprises a body for defining a chamber for air flow therethrough and an ultraviolet lamp disposed in said chamber for irradiating the air passing through said chamber to convert oxygen molecules to ozone molecules. The device further comprises an air inlet for introducing air and a diffuser for diffusing the introduced air about said lamp. The diffuser has an annular flange with a plurality of apertures therein, said annular flange extending inwardly from a cylindrical portion encircling the annular flange, the cylindrical portion abutting and extending from the annular wall. The device further comprises an air outlet for discharging ozone enriched air.

Abstract: A smart card, having a set of standardized contact pads and an additional set of contact pads to provide additional performance characteristics. The additional contact pads are formed on the smart card on the area located between the ISO 7816 standardized contact pads C1 through C4 and C5 through C8, which area was previously used solely as a ground plane connection to contact pad C5. By increasing the number of contact pads, the additional pads can be used for input/output connections, memory, flash memory and/or interfaces with specific functions such as a service provided interface.

Abstract: A smart card, having a set of standardized contact pads and an additional set of contact pads to provide additional performance characteristics. The additional contact pads are formed on the smart card on the area located between the ISO 7816 standardized contact pads C1 through C4 and C5 through C8, which area was previously used solely as a ground plane connection to contact pad C5. By increasing the number of contact pads, the additional pads can be used for input/output connections, memory, flash memory and/or interfaces with specific functions such as a service provided interface.

Abstract: A smart card, having a set of standardized contact pads and an additional set of contact pads to provide additional performance characteristics. The additional contact pads are formed on the smart card on the area located between the ISO 7816 standardized contact pads C1 through C4 and C5 through C8, which area was previously used solely as a ground plane connection to contact pad C5. By increasing the number of contact pads, the additional pads can be used for input/output connections, memory, flash memory and/or interfaces with specific functions such as a service provided interface.

Abstract: A smart card, having a set of standardized contact pads and an additional set of contact pads to provide additional performance characteristics. The additional contact pads are formed on the smart card on the area located between the ISO 7816 standardized contact pads C1 through C4 and C5 through C8, which area was previously used solely as a ground plane connection to contact pad C5. By increasing the number of contact pads, the additional pads can be used for input/output connections, memory, flash memory and/or interfaces with specific functions such as a service provided interface.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is a method and apparatus of providing a card and/or reader that recognizes a communication mode of a corresponding reader and/or card. The card reader comprises a memory and a card interface circuit to detect a mode of a card. A processor coupled to the card interface circuit and the memory, communicates with the card in the detected mode if the detected mode matches a communication mode of the processor. The card comprises a memory and a reader interface circuit to detect a mode of a reader. A processor coupled to the reader interface circuit and the memory, communicates with the reader in the detected mode if the detected mode matches a communication mode of the processor. Another aspect of the present invention is a method and apparatus of providing a card and/or reader that is operable in two communication modes.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus for controlling access to at least one program on a processing system by verifying data entered through a keyboard, while isolating the entered data from the processing system. The apparatus comprises a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. A first data path is provided between the keyboard and the processing system; a second data path is provided between the keyboard and the processor; and a third data path is provided between the processing system and the processor. When activated, the processor is operable in a first mode wherein access to the processing system via the keyboard is inhibited when data entered via the keyboard does not match data stored on the card. The processor is operable in a second mode, wherein the keyboard is coupled to the processing system so that the at least one program on the processing system is accessible via the keyboard when the entered matches the data stored on the card. Various embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling access to at least one program on a computer by verifying data entered through a scanner with data stored on a token such as a card, while isolating the entered data from the computer. The apparatus includes a scanner, a memory and a processor coupled to the scanner and memory. When activated, the scanner scans a field which the processor compares with a field stored in the memory. The processor is operable in a first mode wherein access to the computer via a keyboard is inhibited when the scanned field does not match the stored field. The processor is operable in a second mode, wherein the keyboard is coupled to the computer so that the at least one program on the computer is accessible via the keyboard when the scanned field matches the stored field. Various embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is a method and apparatus of providing a card and/or reader that recognizes a communication mode of a corresponding reader and/or card. The card reader comprises a memory and a card interface circuit to detect a mode of a card. A processor coupled to the card interface circuit and the memory, communicates with the card in the detected mode if the detected mode matches a communication mode of the processor. The card comprises a memory and a reader interface circuit to detect a mode of a reader. A processor coupled to the reader interface circuit and the memory, communicates with the reader in the detected mode if the detected mode matches a communication mode of the processor. Another aspect of the present invention is a method and apparatus of providing a card and/or reader that is operable in two communication modes.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is a method and apparatus of providing a card and/or reader that recognizes a communication mode of a corresponding reader and/or card. The card reader comprises a memory and a card interface circuit to detect a mode of a card. A processor coupled to the card interface circuit and the memory, communicates with the card in the detected mode if the detected mode matches a communication mode of the processor. The card comprises a memory and a reader interface circuit to detect a mode of a reader. A processor coupled to the reader interface circuit and the memory, communicates with the reader in the detected mode if the detected mode matches a communication mode of the processor. Another aspect of the present invention is a method and apparatus of providing a card and/or reader that is operable in two communication modes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling access to at least one program on a computer by verifying data entered through a keyboard with data stored on a token such as a card, while isolating the entered data from the computer. The apparatus includes a verification device, external to the computer, which receives the card. When activated, the verification device isolates itself from the computer, and then receives the entered data and forwards the entered data to the card. The card compares the entered data with data stored on the card. The result of the comparison is forwarded to the verification unit which generates a status signal indicative of the result of the comparison. The verification device is operable in a first mode wherein data provided to the verification unit via the keyboard is not provided to the computer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling access to at least one program on a computer by verifying data entered through a keyboard with data stored on a token such as a card, while isolating the entered data from the computer. The apparatus includes a verification device, external to the computer, which receives the card and a connector. When activated, the verification device isolates itself from the computer, and then receives the entered data and compared it with data stored on the card. The verification unit then generates a status signal indicative of the result of the comparison. The verification device is operable in a first mode wherein data provided to the verification unit via the keyboard is not provided to the computer. The verification device is also operable in a second mode, wherein at least one program on the computer is accessible via the keyboard when the data from the keyboard matches the data from the card.