Abstract: A chill mold sampler for molten metal, capable of taking pin samples or flat disc samples or both, has one or more high melting point quartz glass intake tubes, each with a portal end closed by a thin metal slag cover cemented in place, blocking the entry portal during the plunging sampling immersion of the sampler into the melt. Two or more paper covers cemented over the outside of the metal slag cover provide explosive deflection of slag during the plunging entry of the sampler into the molten metal. A narrow scored groove or slit formed at least partway across the face of the metal slag cover permits rapid melting of the metal cover at low temperatures, just at or above the "liquidus" or freezing temperature of the melt, immediately after passage of the sampler through the hot slag layer, achieving successful sampling of fully deoxidized or "dead" killed steels.

Abstract: Highly effective insulated samplers, submerged through floating slag on a body of molten metal, successfully extract, chill and withdraw pin samples and disc samples of specific, predetermined shapes and sizes with high reliability. Deoxidant materials are introduced into the melt just before the sample is taken, whenever required. To eliminate gas bubble inclusions from the chilled samples, ablative deoxidant chambers are employed to carry the deoxidant materials, and are then melted away by the high temperature molten metal being sampled. A disc sampler chill mold provides three rows of vent slots to produce rapid and reliable chilling of disc-shaped samples.

Abstract: A portable elongated sampler assembly for molten metals incorporates a long, open-ended heat-insulated lance tube carrying, removably telescoped in its open distal end and protruding therefrom, a hollow cylindrical chill mold tube sampler, and a longitudinally reciprocable ejector hammer assembly extends inside the opposite proximal end of the lance tube. Upon actuation, the ejector hammer impacts the telescoped end of the sampler, ejecting it from the lance tube. The sampler preferably includes a ceramic chill mold tube embraced in a hinged, detachable hollow riser vent conducting air displaced by molten metal from the sampler through vent slots to the atmosphere, and the entrance portal of the chill mold tube is closed by a sheet metal cap having an exterior paper slag-cover thereon. Metal deoxidant in wire coil form is embraced between the cap and the entrance portal of the chill mold tube.

Abstract: Immersion samplers for taking disc samples and pin samples, from heats of molten steel, alloys or other metal in basic oxygen furnaces, electric furnaces and open-hearth furnaces, are provided with slotted riser vent tubes serving to retard the escape of atmospheric air displaced by the inflowing molten metal entering the deeply immersed sampler while maintaining ample cross-sectional venting area despite accumulated droplets of spattered molten metal solidifying and blocking the vents. For use with melts of unkilled steel, apertured de-oxidizing retort portals are provided at the entrance end of the samplers with protective slag covers and vent apertures, creating a substantial de-oxidizing zone for the melt entering the sampler while releasing entrapped air during the sampler's immersion, and also allowing draining of the melt from the portal upon withdrawal of the immersed sampler from the furnace.