Abstract: Provided herein are duplex oligonucleotide complexes which can be administered to a cell, tissue or organism to silence a target gene without the aid of a transfection reagent(s). The duplex oligonucleotide complexes of the disclosure include a conjugate moiety that facilitates delivery to a cell, tissue or organism.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for making nucleoside phosphoramidites and nucleic acids, including mono-, di-, and polynucleotides, comprising a linker covalently attached to a levulinyl moiety are provided. A levulinyl-protected linking moiety affords an orthogonal approach to modifying a polynucleotide during or after solid phase synthesis with a molecule of interest, for example, a conjugate or a dye.

Abstract: A reagent having the general formula of General Formula I: wherein group R is an electrophilic or a nucleophilic moiety suitable for reaction of the reagent with a biologically active species; group R2 is one of H and OH moieties; group R3 is one of an alkyl and a methylene bearing an electronegative substituent; group Z is one of (CH2)n and CH2O(CH2CH2O)n2, and n is an integer of from 1 to 5, and n2 is an integer of from 1 to 4; and each of group Z2 and Z3 are (CH2)CONH(CH2)3CONH(CH2)2. Also, a reagent having the general formula of General Formula II: group R2 is one of H and OH moieties; group Z is one of (CH2)n and CH2O(CH2CH2O)n2, and n is an integer of from 1 to 5, and n2 is an integer of from 1 to 4; each of group Z2 and group Z3 include one of (CH2)CONH(CH2)3CONH(CH2)2; and (CH2)CONH(CH2); and group R is an electrophilic or a nucleophilic moiety suitable for reaction of the reagent with the biologically active species.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for removing unincorporated dye-labeled molecules from a mixture that includes dye-labeled polynucleotides or other polymers and the unincorporated dye-labeled molecules. The methods involve adsorbing the unincorporated dye-labeled molecules into a plurality of particles that are made up of one or more porous hydrophobic materials that are encapsulated in a hydrophilic matrix.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for purifying nucleic acids, in particular primer extension products such as those obtained in nucleic acid sequencing reactions. The methods involve the use of a primer to which is attached a string of arylboronic acid moieties. After extension of the primer using a polymerase, the primer extension-products are complexed with a solid support to which is attached an arylboronic acid complexing moiety. The resulting complex is separated from the reaction mixture, washed, and the primer extension products are dissociated from the solid support. The primer extension products are obtained in a form particularly suitable for loading directly on a capillary electrophoresis apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the cloning of the gene of a thermophilic DNA ligase, from Thermus aquaticus strain HB8, and the use of this ligase in assays for the detection of specific sequences of nucleotides in a variety of nucleic acid samples, and more particularly in those samples containing a DNA sequence characterized by a difference in the nucleic acid sequence from a standard sequence including single nucleic acid base pair changes, deletions, insertions or translocations.

Abstract: A reagent having the general formula of General Formula I: 1

Abstract: Instruments and systems for the analysis of molecular interactions with enhanced throughput and ease-of-use. In certain aspects, the systems and instruments include miniaturized SPR-based sensors and novel sensor surface chemistry to provide high-throughput automated instruments and systems for molecular interaction analysis.

Abstract: Embodiments include reagents to modify a bioactive species for incorporating a bifunctional boronic compound complexing moiety for subsequent conjugation to a different or same bioactive species having pendant phenylboronic acid moieties of General Formula I, wherein group R is an electrophilic or nucleophilic moiety suitable for reaction of the putative bifunctional boronic compound complexing reagent with a bioactive species, wherein group R2 is selected from one of H and OH moieties, and wherein group R3 is selected from one of an alkyl and a methylene bearing an electronegative substituent. Group Z is a spacer selected from (CH2)n and CH2O(CH2CH2O)n2, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 5, and wherein n2 is an integer of from 1 to 4. Group Z2 and Z3 is a spacer and need not be the same.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for removing unincorporated fluorescent dye-labeled molecules from a mixture that includes fluorescently-labeled polynucleotides and the unincorporated fluorescent dye-labeled molecules. The methods involve adsorbing the unincorporated fluorescent dye-labeled molecules into a plurality of particles that are made up of one or more porous hydrophobic materials that are encapsulated in a hydrophilic matrix.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for purifying nucleic acids, in particular primer extension products such as those obtained in nucleic acid sequencing reactions. The methods involve the use of a primer to which is attached a string of arylboronic acid moieties. After extension of the primer using a polymerase, the primer extension products are complexed with a solid support to which is attached an arylboronic acid complexing moiety. The resulting complex is separated from the reaction mixture, washed, and the primer extension products are dissociated from the solid support. The primer extension products are obtained in a form particularly suitable for loading directly on a capillary electrophoresis apparatus.

Abstract: Reagents suitable for the modification of a bioactive species for the purpose of incorporating a bifunctional boronic compound complexing moiety for subsequent conjugation to a different (or the same) bioactive species having pendant phenylboronic acid moieties of General Formula 1, ##STR1## wherein group R is an electrophilic or nucleophilic moiety suitable for reaction of the putative bifunctional boronic compound complexing reagent with a bioactive species, wherein group R.sub.2 is selected from one of H and OH moieties, and wherein group R.sub.3 is selected from one of an alkyl and a methylene bearing an electronegative substituent. Group Z is a spacer selected from (CH.sub.2).sub.n and CH.sub.2 O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n.sbsb.2, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 5, and wherein n.sub.2 is an integer of from 1 to 4. Each of group Z.sub.2 and Z.sub.3 is a spacer selected from CH.sub.2 Ar, CH.sub.2 CONHCH.sub.2 Ar, CH.sub.2 CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.n.sbsb.3 CO--NHCH.sub.2 Ar, and (CH.sub.2).sub.n.sbsb.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the cloning of the gene of a thermophilic DNA ligase, from Thermus aquaticus strain HB8, and the use of this ligase for the detection of specific sequences of nucleotides in a variety of nucleic acid samples, and more particularly in those samples containing a DNA sequence characterized by a difference in the nucleic acid sequence from a standard sequence including single nucleic acid base pair changes, deletions, insertions or translocations.

Abstract: The present invention provides arylboronic acid reagents useful for incorporation into modified oligonucleotides and polynucleotides. The modified oligonucleotides and polynucleotides thus produced are useful in bioconjugation reactions for the immobilization and purification of macromolecules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of nucleic acid immobilization, purification and detection and, more particularly, to boronic acid modified oligonucleotides and polynucleotides useful in bioconjugation reactions. The modified oligonucleotides and polynucleotides are useful in reactions for the immobilization and purification of macromolecules.

Abstract: Modified nucleotides and polynucleotides which are useful in hybridization assays for the detection of target genes are provided. The modified polynucleotides contain at least one boronic acid moiety which is attached to a nucleotide base in a position which does not interfere with the hydrogen bonding capabilities of that base during duplex formation. The modified polynucleotides are typically formed from naturally occurring nucleotides and one or more modified nucleotides.

Abstract: Boron compound completing reagents, intermediate reagents of those reagents and methods of synthesizing these reagents. These reagents, including those shown as General Formula CII may be used, after further reactions described herein, to complex with boronic compounds, such as phenylboronic acid or derivatives thereof. ##STR1## In one embodiment, group Z comprises a spacer selected from a saturated or unsaturated chain up to about 0 to 6 carbon equivalents in length, an unbranched saturated or unsaturated chain of from about 6 to 18 carbon equivalents in length with at least one of intermediate amide and disulfide moieties, and a polyethylene glycol chain of from 3 to 12 carbon equivalents in length; group R.sub.2 is one of an alkyl and a methylene with an electronegative moiety; and BAS is a biologically active species.

Abstract: Boron compound complexing reagents, boron compound complexes, and methods of synthesizing these reagents and complexes are disclosed. These reagents and complexes include those shown in General Formula CIV, and General Formula CVI. In one embodiment, the reagent of General Formula CIV may be used to form a complex with a boron compound, such as a complex shown in General Formula CVI. ##STR1## In one embodiment, group Z comprises a spacer selected from a saturated or unsaturated chain of up to about 6 carbon equivalents in length, an unbranched saturated or unsaturated chain of from about 6 to 18 carbon equivalents in length with at least one of intermediate amide and disulfide moieties, and a polyethylene glycol chain of from about 3 to 12 carbon equivalents in length; group R.sub.3 is selected from one of an H, an alkyl, and a methylene or ethylene moiety with an electronegative substituent; and BAS and BAS* are biologically active species.

Abstract: Boron compound complexing reagents, intermediate reagents of those reagents, and methods of synthesizing these reagents are disclosed. These reagents, including those shown as General Formula II may be used, after further reactions described herein, to complex with boronic compounds, such as phenylboronic acid or derivatives thereof. ##STR1## In one embodiment, group Z comprises a spacer selected from a saturated or unsaturated chain of up to about 6 carbon equivalents in length, an unbranched saturated or unsaturated chain from about 6 to 18 carbon equivalents in length with at least one intermediate amide or disulfide moieties, and a polyethylene glycol chain of from about 3 to 12 carbon equivalents in length; group R.sub.2 is one of an alkyl and a methylene group with an electronegative moiety; and BAS is a biologically active species.

Abstract: Boron compound complexing reagents, boron compound complexes, and methods of synthesizing these reagents and complexes are disclosed. These reagents and complexes include those shown in General Formula IV and General Formula VI. In one embodiment, the reagent of General Formula IV may be used to form a complex with a boron compound, such as a complex shown in General Formula VI. ##STR1## In one embodiment, group Z comprises a spacer selected from a saturated or unsaturated chain of up to about 6 carbon equivalents in length, an unbranched saturated or unsaturated chain of from about 6 to 18 carbon equivalents in length with at least one of intermediate amide or disulfide moieties, and a polyethylene glycol chain of from about 3 to 12 carbon equivalents in length; group R.sub.3 is selected from one of an H, an alkyl, and a methylene or ethylene moiety with an electronegative substituent; and BAS and BAS* are biologically active species.