Abstract: A system which combines intensity area correlation is disclosed for use with terrain height radar and infrared emissivity systems to give a simultaneous three-mode map matching navigation system. The infrared system senses passive terrain emissions while the height finding radar measures the time between transmission of a radar signal to the ground and receipt of a radar return. The intensity correlator uses the radar returns to sense changes in the reflection coefficient of the terrain. Map matching all three modes simulanteously provides an accurate, highly jam resistant position determination for navigation update.

Abstract: An improved wedge-based lamp and method of manufacture are disclosed in which conductive leads and an exhaust tube are positioned and held in the pinch end of a flared section of glass tubing. After one or more filaments are attached to the leads and accurately positioned relative to the pinch end, an envelope is fastened to the flare to enclose the filaments and the lamp is exhausted or filled with inert gas(es) via the exhaust tube.