Abstract: A system of temperature determination and control for molten bituminous material during construction of built-up roofs is provided wherein a heating temperature is preselected based upon a number of factors and is adjusted insofar as may be called for upon checking the temperature upon application to the roof deck. Factors considered in the predetermination include type of bituminous material, type of roofing material, and deck type and temperature; ambient temperature, cloud cover, and wind speed; and also opportunities for cooling of the bituminous material between temperature-controlled and deck locations, during application to the deck, and thereafter until application of an overlying layer of roofing material.

Abstract: An improved sole for an athletic shoe comprises artificial turf material such as is commercially available and having a flexible backing from which the artificial turf projects in a common direction. Preferably, the turf is cut into the shape of the sole of a shoe in three sections and is adhered to an inner sole of the shoe by an adhesive so as to form a sole of substantially continuous artificial turf material. The sole is of suitable configuration for use with desired types of athletic shoes and may include baseball, soccer, football, tennis, and the like type of athletic shoes. The shoe is of substantially reduced weight relative to conventional such shoes yet affords greatly improved gripping, whether on natural or artificial turf, with avoidance of ankle and spiking injuries typically encountered with athletic shoes employing spikes and the like.