Abstract: A device for generating a nondeterministic response to a challenge, the device comprising: a structure that exhibits a nondeterministic electrical output response to an electrical input, the device being arranged to facilitate a challenge of the structure to generate the nondeterministic response, by facilitating an electrical measurement of an output of the structure, the nondeterministic response being derivable from that measurement.

Abstract: A method of encoding data at a computer, the computer storing data associated with a plurality of dynamical subsystems, each dynamical subsystem having a plurality of associated state variables, the plurality of dynamical subsystems being coupled by a plurality of coupling functions. The method comprises receiving, at the computer, data to be encoded; inputting, at the computer, the data to be encoded into the plurality of dynamical subsystems as a plurality of parameters of the coupling functions; and outputting, from the computer, a plurality of state variables associated with the plurality of dynamical subsystems, the plurality of state variables comprising at least one of the plurality of state variables associated with each of the dynamical subsystems, the plurality of state variables providing an encoding of the received data.

Abstract: A system and method of acquiring x-ray data, comprising: acquiring a series of x-ray data for generating at least one x-ray image using an x-ray detector to receive x-ray beams from an x-ray source, wherein an object being imaged is displaced along an axis, the axis extending perpendicularly through a plane defined by the x-ray beams, wherein the displacement occurs at, at least one of a constant, accelerating, and decelerating rates; varying the rate of displacement thus enabling the x-ray detector to acquire data for at least one x-ray image during accelerating or decelerating displacement; and employing current modulation.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a tubular structure in a patient includes receiving a cursor first position within a displayed tubular structure representative of the tubular structure in the patient, determining a path inside the tubular structure based only on the received cursor first position, and moving a cursor along the path by a pre-determined distance in a pre-determined direction to a cursor second position.

Abstract: A system and method of acquiring x-ray data, comprising: acquiring a series of x-ray data for generating at least one x-ray image using an x-ray detector to receive x-ray beams from an x-ray source, wherein an object being imaged is displaced along an axis, the axis extending perpendicularly through a plane defined by the x-ray beams, wherein the displacement occurs at, at least one of a constant, accelerating, and decelerating rates; varying the rate of displacement thus enabling the x-ray detector to acquire data for at least one x-ray image during accelerating or decelerating displacement; and employing current modulation.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a tubular structure in a patient includes receiving a cursor first position within a displayed tubular structure representative of the tubular structure in the patient, determining a path inside the tubular structure based only on the received cursor first position, and moving a cursor along the path by a pre-determined distance in a pre-determined direction to a cursor second position.