Abstract: Novel sulfonated or carboxylated and phosphonomethylated polymers are prepared by first sulfoalkylating or carboxyalkylating polyamines followed by linking of the polyamines through a bis(methylene)phosphinic acid divalent group to form polymers which are then phosphonomethylated.

Abstract: A composition suitable as an additive in down-hole fluid for inhibiting clay swelling in a down-hole formation is comprised of an aqueous solution of a quaternary amine-based cationic polyelectrolyte and salt(s). The cation of the salt(s) may be a divalent salt cation, a choline cation, are certain N-substituted quaternary ammonium salt cations. The salt(s) anion may be a monovalent inorganic anion or an anion derived from an organic acid having from 2 to 6 carbons.

Abstract: A low viscosity drilling fluid and method for stabilizing a downhole shale formation are disclosed. The fluid comprises an aqueous solution of a partialy transamidated hydrolyzed acrylamide copolymer, potassium chloride, a weighting agent and an optional viscosifying agent. The copolymer comprises from about 50 to about 98 mole percent primary amide functionality, from about 0.1 to about 15 mole percent secondary amide functionality and from about 2 to about 50 mole percent of the acrylate salt. The drilling fluid has a density out from about 8 to about 18 pounds per gallon and a viscosity of from about 5 to about 30 centistokes.

Abstract: A clay swelling inhibitor additive for oil and gas well treatment is disclosed. The additive comprises an aqueous solution of tetraalkylammonium chloride, preferably tetramethylammonium chloride and a quaternary amine-based cationic polyelectrolyte, such as methyl chloride quaternary salt of ethylene-ammonia condensation polymer. The additive composition synergistically retards water absorption by the down-hole clay formation.

Abstract: A process for forming an oil well cement composition comprising: mixing cement and a vinyl grafted wattle tannin fluid loss additive, the vinyl grafted wattle tannin comprising a wattle tannin grafted with at least one vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of: 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and acrylamide, wherein the wattle tannin is present in an amount of between about 0.05 to about 14 weight percent based on actives, the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is present in an amount of between about 68 to about 99.95 percent, and acrylamide is present in an amount of between about 0 to about 18 percent, to form a cement blend; and mixing the cement blend with water.

Abstract: A process for forming an oil well cement composition comprising: mixing cement and a vinyl grafted wattle tannin fluid loss additive, the vinyl grafted wattle tannin comprising a wattle tannin grafted with at least one vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of: 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and acrylamide, wherein the wattel tannin is present in an amount of between about 2 to about 14 weight percent based on actives, the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is present in an amount of between about 84 to about 98 percent, and acrylamide is present in an amount of between about 0 to about 4 percent, to form a cement blend; and mixing the cement blend with water.

Abstract: A clay swelling inhibitor additive for oil and gas well treatment is disclosed. The additive comprises an aqueous solution of tetraalkylammonium chloride, preferably tetramethylammonium chloride and a quaternary amine-based cationic polyelectrolyte, such as methyl chloride quaternary salt of ethylene-ammonia condensation polymer. The additive composition synergistically retards water absorption by the down-hole clay formation.

Abstract: In treating oil well down hole bores, a method of treating subterranean formations by fracturing by utilization of a fluid loss additive (FLA) comprising starch or a mixture of natural and modified starches plus an enzyme which degrades the alpha linkage of starch and does not the degrade the beta linkage of guar and modified guar where used as a viscosity modifier. Natural/modified starches are utilized in a preferred ratio of 3:7 to 7:3 or 1:9 to 9:1 with optimum at 1:1, and the mix is used in the dry form for application from the surface down the bore hole.

Abstract: A fluid loss control additive for aqueous fracturing media including a blend of two or more modified starches or a blend of one or more natural starches with one or more modified starches.

Abstract: A viscosifier for aqueous inorganic acid solutions, viscosified acid fluids, and a method of treating hydro-carbon-producing rock formations with viscosified acid solution are provided. The viscosified acid solutions contain an inorganic acid, water, and an effective amount of a viscosifier comprised of ethoxylated fatty amines and the betaine inner salt of ethoxylated fatty amines, and preferably also an alcohol having an alkyne radical and an alkyl pyridine quaternary ammonium salt.

Abstract: A fluid loss control additive for aqueous fracturing media including a blend of two or more modified starches or a blend of one or more natural starches with one or more modified starches.

Abstract: A composition for use in agglomerating and removing solid contaminants in well fluids is disclosed. The composition comprises a carrier and the amide/glyceride reaction product obtained by heating a secondary amine in the presence of a fat or oil. The composition is used in processes to agglomerate the solids in contaminated well fluid and in which the agent is diluted and used as a preflush prior to replacing drilling mud with fresh well fluid.

Abstract: Single addition organic-inorganic blend emulsion breaking compositions suitable for breaking oil-in-water emulsions are prepared which consist essentially of an aqueous solution of a water soluble acidic aluminum salt and a water soluble quaternized dehydration condensation polymer of triethanolamine or acylated triethanolamine, or mixtures of triethanolamine and acylated triethanolamine, said polymer containing tertiary amino groups of which 20-100% are quaternized.

Abstract: Water used to wash the air in paint or lacquer spray booths in order to remove over-sprayed paint or lacquers is treated with a blend of a primary amino alcohol, a polyether polyamine and a water soluble salt of an amphoteric metal to reduce the tackiness of paint and lacquer solids and thereby reduce the tendency of over-sprayed paints and lacquers to adhere to walls, ceilings and floors of said spray booths and also to condition the paint and lacquer solids removed with the water so that they can be separated and the water recycled for further use in washing the air in the spray booth.

Abstract: Linear surfactant polymers, useful in waterflooding processes and as emulsion breakers, can be prepared by reacting various amines, such as hexamethylene diamine, with monofunctional pendant groups, such as propylene oxide, and then further reacting the substituted amines with a difunctional reactant, such as epichlorohydrin, to produce the polymer. The polymers may be combined with certain water-soluble metal salts to improve their efficiency as emulsion breakers and as coagulants.

Abstract: Water used to wash the air in paint or lacquer spray booths in order to remove over-sprayed paint or lacquers is treated with a blend of a primary amino alcohol, a polyether polyamine and a water soluble salt of an amphoteric metal to reduce the tackiness of paint and lacquer solids and thereby reduce the tendency of over-sprayed paints and lacquers to adhere to walls, ceilings and floors of said spray booths and also to condition the paint and lacquer solids removed with the water so that they can be separated and the water recycled for further use in washing the air in the spray booth.