Abstract: Apparatus for automated polyelectrolyte measurement of liquid process materials including a sample vessel which defines an electrically insulating, cylindrical cavity below a larger-diameter reservoir. Electrodes are located at the ends of the cylindrical cavity and an insulating piston is reciprocated with a predetermined, small clearance within the cavity. The charge displacement is measured between the electrodes. An outlet channel opening at the floor of the cylindrical cavity is connected to an outlet pipe. A rinsing duct with valve control for introducing a rinsing fluid into the reservoir. A controller is connected to an actuator for reciprocating the piston, to a valve in the outlet pipe and to the rinsing valve. After each polyelectrolyte measurement the substance under test is removed from the sample vessel through the outlet channel, rinsing fluid is introduced, and the rinsing fluid is removed through the outlet channel while the piston reciprocates.

Abstract: A frame element, especially for window and door construction, which is formed as a composite member with a hollow metallic profile member covered by a sheath of synthetic resinous material. The sheath includes mounting lugs and grooves for directly supporting window or door members. The hollow metal profile is provided with outer flanges formed as extensions of side walls of the member, which flanges serve to provide a rigid support base for supporting the loads applied to the frame element by way of the sheath. Interlocking groove and strip connections are provided on the sheath and the profile member at the corners formed respectively between the outer flanges and the immediately adjacent joining side wall of the profile member. These interlocking groove and strip connections assure an elastic, resilient seating of the plastic sheath against the outer confines of the profile member over the entire surface of the profile member.