Abstract: A system for conditioning rotatable polishing pads used to planarize and polish surfaces of thin film integrated circuits deposited on semiconductor wafer substrates, microelectronic, and optical system. The system has a pad conditioning apparatus, process fluids, a vacuum capability to pull waste material out of the conditioning pad, self-contained flushing means, and a piezo-electric device for vibrating the pad conditioning apparatus.

Abstract: A system for conditioning rotatable polishing pads used to planarize and polish surfaces of thin film integrated circuits deposited on semiconductor wafer substrates, microelectronic, and optical system. The system has a pad conditioning apparatus, process fluids, a vacuum capability to pull waste material out of the conditioning pad, self-contained flushing means, and a piezo-electric device for vibrating the pad conditioning apparatus.

Abstract: A hand-held device is described for simultaneously sharpening the points of multiple fish hooks, particularly double and treble hooks in which the concave hook sharpening member is provided with abrasive surfaces for honing the hook points by longitudinal movement of the hook in the device.

Abstract: Improved rigid grinding wheels are described which have a rigid organic matrix binding particulate diamond or cubin boron nitride abrasive uniformly dispersed therein between a plurality of spaced-apart apertures extending inwardly from the operative grinding surface of the matrix. The cross-sectional open area of the apertures in the matrix reduces the operative solid grinding surface and provides swarf relief while also increasing the effective concentration of a given amount of abrasive in the griding surface, this increasing the efficiency of the grinding wheel while reducing the cost of the wheel and power consumption in use.

Abstract: A holder for an abrasive plate wherein a rigid plate is provided with a dress of abrasive grit on its contact face; a head on a shaft is provided with a peripheral flange defining a seat for a pad of magnetic material which is magnetically attracted to the seat defined by the flange and magnetically attracts the abrasive plate.