Abstract: A lithium exchanged zeolite X adsorbent blend with improved performance characteristics produced by preparing a zeolite X, preparing a binder which includes highly dispersed attapulgite fibers wherein the tapped bulk density of the highly dispersed attapulgite fibers measured according to DIN/ISO 787 is more than about 550 g/ml, mixing the zeolite X with the binder to form a mixture, forming the mixture into a shaped material, ion exchanging the zeolite X at least 75% with lithium ions, and calcining the shaped material.

Abstract: Reforming to produce aromatics from aliphatics, using a bond zeolite catalyst containing a Group VIII metal such as platinum, has been found to be extremely sensitive to water, even at water concentrations as low as 3 ppm in the feed, unless certain catalysts having a low water sensitivity index are used. The water sensitivity index (WSI) is described and methods for making catalysts with a low WSI are described. The sulfur content of the feed to the reforming/aromatics production process is preferably below 50 parts per billion. The catalysts used in the reforming process is preferably a high crush strength catalyst and is preferably prepared by steps including treating L zeolite with a binding enhancement agent prior to binding with a binder such as silica, silica/alumina or alumina.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking processes wherein the cracking catalysts are prepared by: (1) contacting a mixture of a large pore zeolite and an inorganic oxide matrix at effective conditions of temperature, pH and time with a fluoro salt; and (2) ammonium exchanging the product of step (1) to provide a catalyst having less than 0.3 percent by weight Na.sub.2 O, based on total catalyst weight, or less than 2.0 percent by weight of the zeolite employed in the catalyst. Optionally, the zeolite used is provided with an effective amount of at least one cation selected from the class consisting of cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, lutetium, gadolinium, terbium dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium and ytterbium.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the binding of certain negatively surface charged molecular sieves to a silica binder is disclosed. As modified, molecular sieves having enhanced binding characteristics are also taught.

Abstract: Reforming to produce aromatics from aliphatics, using a bound zeolite catalyst containing a Group VIII metal such as platinum, has been found to be extremely sensitive to water, even at water concentrations as low as 3 ppm in the feed, unless certain catalysts having a low water sensitivity index are used. The water sensitivity index (WSI) is described and methods for making catalysts with a low WSI are described. The sulfur content of the feed to the reforming/aromatics production process is preferably below 50 parts per billion. The catalyst used in the reforming process is preferably a high crush strength catalyst and is preferably prepared by steps including treating L zeolite with a binding enhancement agent prior to binding with a binder such as silica, silica/alumina or alumina.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalysts, the process of their preparation and the process of their use. Cracking catalysts are disclosed for improving the octane number of gasoline products. The catalysts comprise a zeolitic aluminosilicate having a mole ratio of oxides in the dehydrated state of(0.85-1.1) M.sub.2/n O:Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :xSiO.sub.2wherein M is a cation having a valence of "n" and "x" has a value greater than 6.0 to about 11.0; has an x-ray powder diffraction pattern having at least the d-spacings of Table A; has extraneous silicon atoms in the crystal lattice in the form of framework SiO.sub.4 tetrahedra; has between greater than zero to less than 5.0 percent by weight, expressed as the oxide, of at least one rare earth cation selected from the group consisting of cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium; and less than 1.2 weight percent Na.sub.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalysts, the process of their preparation and the process of their use. Cracking catalysts are disclosed for improving the octane number of gasoline products. The catalysts comprise a zeolitic aluminosilicate having a mole ratio of oxides in the dehydrated state of(0.85-1.1) M.sub.2/n O: Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : xSiO.sub.2wherein M is a cation having a valence of "n" and "x" has a value greater than 6.0 to about 11.0; has an x-ray powder diffraction pattern having at least the d-spacings of Table A; has extraneous silicon atoms in the crystal lattice in the form of framework SiO.sub.4 tetrahedra; has between greater than zero to less than 5.0 percent by weight, expressed as the oxide, of at least one rare earth cation selected from the group consisting of cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium; and less than 1.2 weight percent Na.sub.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalysts and catalytic cracking process wherein the cracking catalysts are prepared by: (i) contacting a mixture of a large pore zeolite and an inorganic oxide matrix at effective conditions of temperature, pH and time with a fluoro salt; and (ii) ammonium exchanging the product of step (i) to provide a catalyst having less than 2.0 percent by weight Na.sub.2 O, based on the weight of the zeolite. Optionally, the product is provided with an effective amount of at least one cation selected from the class consisting of cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, lutetium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium and ytterbium.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalysts and catalytic cracking process wherein the cracking catalysts are prepared by: (1) contacting a mixture of a large pore zeolite and an inorganic oxide matrix at effective conditions of temperature, pH and time with a fluoro salt; and (2) ammonium exchanging the product of step (1) to provide a catalyst having less than 0.3 percent by weight Na.sub.2 O. Optionally, the product is provided with an effective amount of at least one cation selected from the class consisting of cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, lutetium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium and ytterbium.

Abstract: Catalytically active silica-alumina and silica-alumina-rare earth oxide cogels are prepared by reacting aluminate and silicate solutions to obtain a silica-alumina pregel, and then reacting the pregel with an acidic rare earth and/or aluminum salt solution under complete mixing conditions.

Abstract: Preparation of fluid catalytic cracking catalysts is improved by incorporating a viscosity-reducing agent, having the general formula of Al.sub.2 (OH).sub.5 NO.sub.3, in the aqueous slurry containing the catalyst components of zeolite, clay, aluminous binder, and a silica source, prior to drying of the slurry. The viscosity-reducing additive allows an increase in the solids content of the aqueous slurry and thus improves the efficiency of the drying operation.

Abstract: In the process of preparing fluid catalytic cracking catalysts where an aqueous slurry, containing a zeolite, or zeolites, an alumina-containing binder, a clay and a silica source, is subjected to drying to form essentially water-free solid catalyst particles, the viscosity of the aqueous slurry can be significantly reduced by incorporation of a small but effective amount of [Al.sub.2 (OH).sub.6-y Cl.sub.y ].sub.x additive. Due to this decrease in viscosity, the solids content of the slurry can be raised until the original, additive-free viscosity level, is reached, which, in turn, results in increased solids throughput rate in the drying step with corresponding savings of thermal energy and improved catalyst production efficiency.

Abstract: Catalysts which produce cracked gasoline having high octane rating are produced by combining a thermally-stabilized/aluminum exchanged type Y zeolite with an inorganic oxide matrix.

Abstract: Catalysts which produce cracked gasoline having high octane rating are produced by combining a thermally-stabilized/aluminum exchanged type Y zeolite with an inorganic oxide matrix.

Abstract: A sodium Y type faujasite having a high silica/alumina ratio is obtained by lowering the active soda content below the conventionally employed levels. This is done by adding an acid and/or an aluminum salt solution such as an aluminum sulfate solution to the sodium silicate in the zeolite synthesis slurry. Alternatively, the desired alumina and silica starting materials can be supplied in part by using an aluminum salt gelled mother liquor such as an alum gelled mother liquor. This permits the use of less reactants which are high in soda such as sodium silicate and sodium aluminate which in turn reduces the amount of soda present. The addition of these soda removers or the use of low soda reactants permits the production of NaY having a silica/alumina ratio of 5.0 and higher. These Y zeolites have a high degree of crystallinity as measured by an NMR sharpness index defined herein and they have an absence of occluded silica. The final product can be ion exchanged to a low level of Na.sub.