Abstract: Methods and systems for ion trap type resonant collision induced dissociation (CID) on labile compounds to drive selective dissociation along desired dissociation pathways are disclosed. Specifically, the present disclosure includes, systems, methods, and computer readable media (CRM) configured to introduce ions of at least one labile compound with multiple dissociation pathways into a trapping area of a dissociation cell. The dissociation cell is configured to generate a substantially quadrupolar radio frequency electrostatic confinement potential in the ion trapping region. The kinetic energy of selected precursor ions is increased while a selective dissociation parameter is maintained to cause the precursor ions to selectively dissociate primarily to first-generation products without being ejected from the trapping area. The selective dissociation parameter is determined in part by the Mathieu q value and controls the maximum kinetic energy or velocity of the ions.

Abstract: A method for separation of analyzing oligonucleotides or nucleic acid biopolymers includes loading a sample containing a plurality of oligonucleotide species onto a column; flowing a mobile phase consisting of a combination of a first solution and a second solution through the column to elute the plurality of oligonucleotide species; and analyzing at least one of the first oligonucleotide species and the second oligonucleotide species using a mass spectrometer. The plurality of oligonucleotide species includes a first oligonucleotide species and a second oligonucleotide species. The first solution includes an ion pairing reagent. The ion pairing reagent includes a primary amine or a secondary amine. The proportion of the first solution and the second solution in the mobile phase is varied over time to separate the first oligonucleotide species from the second oligonucleotide species.

Abstract: A method for quantifying mRNA capping efficiency includes combining a sample, an enzyme mixture, and an isotopic standard solution in a buffer solution to create an incubation mixture, the enzyme mixture including a non-specific, single-stranded nuclease and an acid phosphatase and the isotopic standard including isotopically labeled m7G and isotopically labeled 2?-O-methylated nucleoside; incubating the mixture; and analyzing the mixture using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine at least one of a capping efficiency and a 2-O-methyltransferase efficiency.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for loading individual objects into moving carriers where the carriers include receptacles for receiving the individual objects, where a hopper is provided to define a bulk supply of the objects, the carriers move past a hopper discharge orifice located close to the hopper bottom with the receptacles communicating with the hopper interior via the discharge orifice, first force is applied to objects which are close to the orifice by a roller operatively disassociated from the carriers, rotating in a direction generally toward the receptacles, to urge the objects through the orifice from the hopper towards the receptacles and second force is applied to objects further from the orifice by a rotating auger transversely disposed to the roller to move the objects along the hopper bottom towards the roller, where the receptacles ride on the surface of a rotating cylindrical drum.