Abstract: A system and method for stabilizing bromine in an industrial water system by monitoring and flexible dosing of chlorine oxidant and halide ion stabilizer residual levels. The system comprises chlorine oxidant, and a halide ion source with a halogen stabilizer.

Abstract: A composition for anti-microbial effect in a water system such as a pulp and paper processing line with an aqueous slurry. The composition comprises a free chlorine-generating biocide comprising a chlorine source, urea, and an alkali in a concentration sufficient to provide a pH greater than 10, and typically at least pH 11.

Abstract: A composition for anti-microbial effect in a water system such as a pulp and paper processing line with an aqueous slurry. The composition comprises a free chlorine-generating biocide comprising a chlorine source, urea, and an alkali in a concentration sufficient to provide a pH greater than 10, and typically at least pH 11.

Abstract: A composition for anti-microbial effect in a water system such as a pulp and paper processing line with an aqueous slurry. The composition comprises a free chlorine-generating biocide comprising a chlorine source, urea, and an alkali in a concentration sufficient to provide a pH greater than 10, and typically at least pH 11.

Abstract: A system and method for stabilizing bromine in an industrial water system by monitoring and flexible dosing of chlorine oxidant and halide ion stabilizer residual levels. The system comprises chlorine oxidant, and a halide ion source with a halogen stabilizer.

Abstract: The invention provides an antibody having an affinity to water treatment polymers. The antibodies of the invention are used in assays to determine the presence or concentration of a water treatment polymer in a fluid or aqueous system.

Abstract: Stabilized bromine solutions are prepared by combining a bromine source and a stabilizer to form a mixture, and then adding an oxidizer to the mixture.

Abstract: A system and method are provided which enables the monitoring and if desired controlling of fouling within a fluid system. The present invention includes a pseudo-fouling detector system with a pair of identical sensors, where said sensors measure a variable, such as, temperature or pH, in a fluid, producing an electric output representative of the variable. The variable measurements are used to calculate a fouling index which is further used to develop fouling treatment strategies for controlling the amount of fouling in the fluid system.

Abstract: A system and method are provided which enables the monitoring and if desired controlling of fouling within a fluid system. The present invention includes a pseudo-fouling detector system with a pair of identical sensors, where said sensors measure a variable, such as, temperature or pH, in a fluid, producing an electric output representative of the variable. The variable measurements are used to calculate a fouling index which is further used to develop fouling treatment strategies for controlling the amount of fouling in the fluid system.

Abstract: A system and a method for monitoring fouling in a fluid stream are provided. A light source generates a light path directed to two distinct portions of a fluid stream, one of which includes a translucent conduit. The conduit experiences fouling on the walls thereof. The light directed towards the conduit is absorbed or scattered to a varying degree as a function of foulant thickness and composition and the wavelength of the light employed. A comparison of foulant contained in the fluid itself may be compared to the foulant in the conduit, and a signal representative thereof can be generated. As a result, dosage of agents added to the fluid stream to control the foulant in the system may be controlled.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting, measuring and monitoring films formed on exposed surfaces of a fluid system caused by microorganisms present in the fluid system. Pursuant to the present invention, a fluorometer is utilized to irradiate an exposed surface with light of the appropriate magnitude and intensity which results in an excitation of the NAD(P)H and ATP and other fluorescent molecules contained within microorganisms and subsequent fluorescent emission from the microorganisms. As a result, films caused by the presence of microorganisms in the fluid system can be detected and monitored.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for monitoring chemicals used to prevent corrosion in industrial water containers. The invention is useful for chemicals such as polymers, in particular water soluble, vinyl polymers. Monoclonal antibodies are used in assays to determine the presence or concentration of the chemicals in a fluid, in particular water used in industrial systems.

Abstract: A secondary polishing process for Bayer Process liquors suspension is described. The polishing process uses a combination of bio-polymers, particularly such bio-carbohydrates as dextran, with an inert insoluble solid, such as a filter aid, to treat the primary red mud settler overflow, then clarifying these treated overflow liquors in a secondary clarifier. Results provide for from 0-20 milligrams per liter suspended solids, often from 0-5 ppm suspended solids, and may make sand filter or Kelly filter operation an option in the Bayer Process.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for monitoring film formers in an opaque process stream by immersing a segment of a transparent eccentrically mounted rotatable disc in the fluid stream, allowing time to accumulate film formers, then rotating the disc to expose the previously immersed section to optical monitoring by which a sample transmittance may be compared to a reference transmittance; the disc may have a segment presenting a hydrophilic surface and another segment presenting a hydrophobic surface so that different kinds of film formers may be monitored.

Abstract: A process for improved flocculation of Bayer process red mud-containing liquor uses a conventional water soluble anionic flocculant to form a red mud phase and a supernatant from the red mud-containing liquor, the supernatant containing suspended solids. The process is characterized by the addition of a water soluble clarification aid in addition to the conventional flocculant, wherein the clarification aid is pullulan, lactan, zooglan, rhamsan, or combinations thereof. The clarification aid is added to the red mud-containing liquor in an amount sufficient to reduce the concentration of suspended solids in the supernatant.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for measuring film formers in an opaque process stream by immersing a disc in the fluid stream, allowing time to accumulate film formers, then rotating the disc to expose the previously immersed section to optical monitoring by which a sample reflectance and a reference reflectance are compared.

Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion, the aqueous phase of which contains Amidase. An improved method of treating water-in-oil emulsions of acrylamide polymers with Amidase to reduce the acrylamide content thereof which comprises adding the Amidase in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion.

Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion, the aqueous phase of which contains Amidase. An improved method of treating water-in-oil emulsions of acrylamide polymers with Amidase to reduce the acrylamide content thereof which comprises adding the Amidase in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion.

Abstract: An improved method for reducing the acrylamide present water-in-oil emulsions of acrylamide polymers with amidase which comprises adding the amidase to the water-in-oil emulsion of the acrylamide polymer upon completion of its polymerization and then subjecting the thus treated water-in-oil emulsion to one or more of the following steps:(a) pH adjustment(b) heating(c) inert gas sparging(d) adding a chemical reducing agent.

Abstract: A perturbed feedback control system for a process. Inputs to the process include a feed stream and a manipulated variable. The manipulated variable is controlled by a feedback controller. Measurements of a parameter measured "downstream" of the process are taken periodically and fed back to the controller. The feedback controller generates a control response on the basis of a comparison of the two most recent values of the downstream parameter. The comparison is made by calculating a perturbed set point which includes the values of the downstream parameter taken at the two most recent sampling periods. In a specific embodiment, the perturbed set point also includes measurements of the most recent and preceding values of the manipulated variable. A control response is applied to the manipulated variable by the feedback controller based on the value of the perturbed set point. The control system has been applied to optimize the feed rate of chemicals for sludge dewatering on a twin belt filter press.