Abstract: A process for manufacturing 5-chloromethyl-2,3-pyridine dicarboxylic acid anhydrides (I) wherein Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro; comprising the steps of (i) reacting a compound of formula (II), wherein the symbols have the meaning given in formula (I), with a chlorinating agent, optionally in the presence of a radical initiator in a solvent selected from halogenated hydrocarbons, and (ii) crystallizing the compound (I) formed in step (i) from a solvent selected from chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, dichloroethane, trichloromethane, dichloromethane, toluene, xylenes, ethyl acetate, methyl tert.-butyl ether, and mixtures thereof. Compounds (I) are useful intermediates in the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing 5,6-disubstituted-3-pyridylmethyl ammonium bromides (I), wherein Q is a tertiary aliphatic or cyclic, saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic amine; Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro; Y and Y1 are each independently OR1, NR1R2, or when taken together YY1 is —O—, —S— or NR3—; R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl optionally substituted with C1-C4 alkoxy or phenyl optionally substituted with one to three C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups or halogen atoms, or phenyl optionally substituted with one to three C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups or halogen atoms; R3 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; comprises the steps of (i) reacting a compound of formula (II), wherein the symbols have the meaning given in formula (I), with bromine in the presence of a radical initiator in a solvent mixture comprising an aqueous phase and an organic phase, where the organic phase comprises a solvent selected from 1,2-dichloroethane

Abstract: A process for manufacturing 5-chloromethyl-2,3-pyridine dicarboxylic acid anhydrides (I) wherein Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro; comprising the steps of (i) reacting a compound of formula (II), wherein the symbols have the meaning given in formula (I), with a chlorinating agent, optionally in the presence of a radical initiator in a solvent selected from halogenated hydrocarbons, and (ii) crystallizing the compound (I) formed in step (i) from a solvent selected from chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, dichloroethane, trichloromethane, dichloromethane, toluene, xylenes, ethyl acetate, methyl tert.-butyl ether, and mixtures thereof. Compounds (I) are useful intermediates in the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing 5-chloromethyl-2,3-pyridine dicarboxylic acid anhydrides (I) wherein Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro; comprising the steps of (i) reacting a compound of formula (II), wherein the symbols have the meaning given in formula (I), with a chlorinating agent, optionally in the presence of a radical initiator in a solvent selected from halogenated hydrocarbons, and (ii) crystallizing the compound (I) formed in step (i) from a solvent selected from chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, dichloroethane, trichloromethane, dichloromethane, toluene, xylenes, ethyl acetate, methyl tert.-butyl ether, and mixtures thereof. Compounds (I) are useful intermediates in the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones.

Abstract: A system for the thermal preparation of reclaimed road material containing PAHs, or of oil sludge having a loading station for pre-comminuted reclaimed road material or oil sludge, a rotary kiln in which the reclaimed road material or the oil sludge is burned, while oxidation air is fed in, a dust separator to which the flue gases produced in the rotary kiln are fed, an after-burner to which the flue gases leaving the dust separator are fed, and a filter to which the flue gases arising in the after-burning means are fed. These components are divided into a plurality of modules, each of which includes a weight and dimension such that each may individually be transported using conventional road transport means, in particular low loaders or heavy goods vehicles.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a 5-formyl-pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid ester (I) wherein Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro and R1, R2 are independently C1-C10-alkyl, comprising the steps of (i) reacting a compound of formula (II), wherein the symbols are as in formula (I), with a nitrosation agent (III) R3—O—N?O (III) wherein R3 is C1-C8-alkyl, in the presence of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alcoholates or carbonates in a polar aprotic solvent at a temperature of from ?45 to 40° C., to obtain an oxime compound (IV) where Z, Z1, R1 and R2 are as in formula (I), and (ii) reacting oxime compound (IV) with an aliphatic C1-C10-aldehyde in the presence of a Lewis acid at a temperature in the range of from 0 to 100° C. The compounds of formula (I) are useful intermediates in the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones, like imazamox.

Abstract: 2-[(1-cyanopropyl)carbamoyl]-5-chloromethyl nicotinic acids of formula (I) where Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro; R1 is C1-C4 alkyl; R2 is C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl or R1 and R2, when taken together with the atom to which they are attached, represent a C3-C6 cycloalkyl group optionally substituted with methyl, and R3 is hydrogen or a cation preferably selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, manganese, copper, iron, zinc, cobalt, lead, silver, nickel, ammonium and organic ammonium; are useful intermediates for the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a 5-formyl-pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid ester (I) wherein Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro and R1, R2 are independently C1-C10-alkyl, comprising the steps of (i) reacting a compound of formula (II), wherein the symbols are as in formula (I), with a nitrosation agent (III) R3—O—N?O (III) wherein R3 is C1-C8-alkyl, in the presence of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alcoholates or carbonates in a polar aprotic solvent at a temperature of from ?45 to 40° C., to obtain an oxime compound (IV) where Z, Z1, R1 and R2 are as in formula (I), and (ii) reacting oxime compound (IV) with an aliphatic C1-C10-aldehyde in the presence of a Lewis acid at a temperature in the range of from 0 to 100° C. The compounds of formula (I) are useful intermediates in the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones, like imazamox.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing 5-chloromethyl-2,3-pyridine dicarboxylic acid anhydrides (I) wherein Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro; comprising the steps of (i) reacting a compound of formula (II), wherein the symbols have the meaning given in formula (I), with a chlorinating agent, optionally in the presence of a radical initiator in a solvent selected from halogenated hydrocarbons, and (ii) crystallizing the compound (I) formed in step (i) from a solvent selected from chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, dichloroethane, trichloromethane, dichloromethane, toluene, xylenes, ethyl acetate, methyl tert.-butyl ether, and mixtures thereof. Compounds (I) are useful intermediates in the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing 5,6-disubstituted-3-pyridylmethyl ammonium bromides (I), wherein Q is a tertiary aliphatic or cyclic, saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic amine; Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro; Y and Y1 are each independently OR1, NR1R2, or when taken together YY1 is —O—, —S— or NR3—; R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl optionally substituted with C1-C4 alkoxy or phenyl optionally substituted with one to three C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups or halogen atoms, or phenyl optionally substituted with one to three C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups or halogen atoms; R3 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; comprises the steps of (i) reacting a compound of formula (II), wherein the symbols have the meaning given in formula (I), with bromine in the presence of a radical initiator in a solvent mixture comprising an aqueous phase and an organic phase, where the organic phase comprises a solvent selected from 1,2-dichloroethane,

Abstract: 2-[(1-cyanopropyl)carbamoyl]-5-chloromethyl nicotinic acids of formula (I) where Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro; R1 is C1-C4 alkyl; R2 is C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl or R1 and R2, when taken together with the atom to which they are attached, represent a C3-C6 cycloalkyl group optionally substituted with methyl, and R3 is hydrogen or a cation preferably selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, manganese, copper, iron, zinc, cobalt, lead, silver, nickel, ammonium and organic ammonium; are useful intermediates for the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones.

Abstract: A concentrated deicing and anti-icing composition which is diluted and is primarily used for aircraft surfaces being a mixture including a deicing and anti-icing base compound being propylene glycol and/or ethylene glycol in the overall range of 78.0% to 95.0% by weight of the deicing and anti-icing composition. A diluent is included in the form of water for use as a carrier fluid of the glycol in the overall range of 5.0% to 22.0% by weight of the deicing and anti-icing composition. A first nonionic surfactant agent is included having an HLB in the overall range of 4 to 17; and used in a weight proportion where the overall range is 1 ppm to 0.5% by weight of the deicing and anti-icing composition. A second nonionic surfactant agent is included having an HLB in the overall range of 5 to 18; and used in a weight proportion where the overall range is 1 ppm to 0.5% by weight of the deicing and anti-icing composition.