Abstract: A method for determining the ferrite phase fraction xa after heating or when cooling a steel strip (2) in a metallurgic system. Also, a device for carrying out the method.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for flatness measuring and measuring of residual stresses in a metallic flat product (1): The method includes bending the flat product (1) in a bending device (3) such that a planar flat product (1) forms an arc (5) with a target bending radius r0 after bending; measuring the contour and the actual bending radii r(y), in the region of the arc (5) of the bent flat product (1) at a plurality of positions along the width direction of the flat product (1); and determining the flatness of the flat product (1) taking into account the measured contour of the bent flat product (1).

Abstract: A method for altering the width of a strip-shaped rolled material (5), before, during or after hot rolling the rolled material in a hot rolling mill. The problem is to specify a method for altering width so that the length of a rolled out transition piece lying outside width tolerances can be reduced. Scrap losses are to be reduced. The crown of at least one working roll and/or at least one backing roll of a stand (7) is set as a function of a width error e=B?B between a setpoint width Bsetp and the width B of the rolled material (5), wherein the crown is increased when e>0 and the crown is reduced when e<0. AA Rcrown BB Bsetp.

Abstract: A method for determining the ferrite phase fraction xa after heating or when cooling a steel strip (2) in a metallurgic system. Also, a device for carrying out the method.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for flatness measuring and measuring of residual stresses in a metallic flat product (1): The method includes bending the flat product (1) in a bending device (3) such that a planar flat product (1) forms an arc (5) with a target bending radius r0 after bending; measuring the contour and the actual bending radii r(y), in the region of the arc (5) of the bent flat product (1) at a plurality of positions along the width direction of the flat product (1); and determining the flatness of the flat product (1) taking into account the measured contour of the bent flat product (1).

Abstract: A method for altering the width of a strip-shaped rolled material (5), before, during or after hot rolling the rolled material in a hot rolling mill. The problem is to specify a method for altering width so that the length of a rolled out transition piece lying outside width tolerances can be reduced. Scrap losses are to be reduced. The crown of at least one working roll and/or at least one backing roll of a stand (7) is set as a function of a width error e=B?B between a setpoint width Bsetp and the width B of the rolled material (5), wherein the crown is increased when e>0 and the crown is reduced when e<0. AA Rcrown BB Bsetp.

Abstract: The invention describes a method for bonding components of a sputtering target, comprising the following steps: providing a first component and a second component, the harder of which has undercut protrusions; positioning them against each other; and pressing them towards each other resulting in a plastic deformation of the material of at least one of the two components, filling the undercuts thereby creating interlocking, as well as the bonded assembly so created, and its recycling. No step creating bonding other than interlocking on a major part of the bonded surface area is necessary.