Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to determine total audience ratings. An example apparatus includes metrics generator circuitry to generate a first audience size for media accessed by first devices of a first media platform at a first level of aggregation, the first level of aggregation corresponding to the media accessed on a first television network and on a first website, generate a second audience size for the media accessed by the first devices of the first media platform at a second level of aggregation, the second level of aggregation corresponding to the media accessed on the first television network and accessed on the first website and a second website, comparator circuitry to compare the first audience size to the second audience size, adjustor circuitry to reduce the first audience size based on the second audience size, and audience determination circuitry to determine a total audience size.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to determine total audience ratings. An example apparatus includes metrics generator circuitry to generate a first audience size for media accessed by first devices of a first media platform at a first level of aggregation, the first level of aggregation corresponding to the media accessed on a first television network and on a first website, generate a second audience size for the media accessed by the first devices of the first media platform at a second level of aggregation, the second level of aggregation corresponding to the media accessed on the first television network and accessed on the first website and a second website, comparator circuitry to compare the first audience size to the second audience size, adjustor circuitry to reduce the first audience size based on the second audience size, and audience determination circuitry to determine a total audience size.

Abstract: A surgical system includes a surgical instrument that is sensitive to backlash that would adversely affect the transmission of controlled torque and position to the surgical instrument. The surgical instrument is coupled to motors in a surgical instrument manipulator assembly via a mechanical interface. The combination of the mechanical interface and surgical instrument manipulator assembly have low backlash, e.g., less than 0.7 degrees. The backlash is controlled in the surgical instrument manipulator assembly. From the drive output disk in the surgical instrument manipulator assembly to the driven disk of the surgical instrument, the mechanical interface has zero backlash for torque levels used in surgical procedures.

Abstract: A support base for a child safety seat includes a support leg operable to retract and expand at a bottom of the support base, an actuating part operably coupled to a first and a second latch, and an actuating button. The support leg includes multiple segments, and a first and a second sliding connection each of which respectively coupling two adjacent ones of the segments. The first latch is operable to lock and unlock the first sliding connection. The second latch is operable to lock and unlock the second sliding connection. The actuating part is operable to urge the first latch to move for unlocking the first sliding connection and to urge the second latch to move for unlocking the second sliding connection. The actuating button is assembled with the first segment adjacent to a distal end of thereof, and is operable to actuate the actuating part.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously extracting liquid in at least two separate streams from a vessel, continuously diluting and/or conditioning a first stream in one or more stages, producing, as a result of the extraction, dilution and/or conditioning, the first stream consisting of a dispersion of particles to be characterized, and diluting and/or conditioning a second stream, the second stream consisting of soluble components; and subjecting the first and second streams to various characterizing measurements.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously extracting liquid in at least two separate streams from a vessel, continuously diluting and/or conditioning a first stream in one or more stages, producing, as a result of the extraction, dilution and/or conditioning, the first stream consisting of a dispersion of particles to be characterized, and diluting and/or conditioning a second stream, the second stream consisting of soluble components; and subjecting the first and second streams to various characterizing measurements.

Abstract: A vehicle-mounted spreader for distributing material onto a surface while the vehicle is in motion across the surface includes a discharge spout for directing the material being distributed onto the surface and a rotor coupled to the discharge spout for propelling the material into the discharge spout. The rotor has an axis of rotation that is substantially parallel to the surface. A rotor motor is coupled to the rotor to supply power to rotate the rotor. A conveyor such as an auger is coupled to the rotor and powered by a conveyor motor. The conveyor transports and meters material before the material enters the rotor. A closed-loop control system adjusts the speeds of the individual components so that a desired amount of material exits the discharge spout at zero velocity relative to the road.

Abstract: A process of, and apparatus for, washing fragments, such as plastic fragments, in a continuous fashion as part of a recycling operation. The plastic fragments are fed into an axially rotating perforated tube, wherein a stationary washing and rinsing spray header are mounted therethrough for spraying the plastic fragments revolving with the tube. Wash and rinse water pass through the perforations, carrying with the water residue and unwanted particles. The wash water, rinse water and unwanted particles pass into a trough arranged below the revolving tube which collects the water and residue and transports same to either a screen separator in the case of the wash water, or a holding tank in the case of the rinse water. Auxiliary systems are disclosed for using recycled wash water and recycled rinse water for the process. A drying system which receives the plastic fragments from the washing apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process of, and apparatus for, washing fragments, such as plastic fragments, in a continuous fashion as part of a recycling operation. The plastic fragments are fed into an axially rotating perforated tube, wherein a stationary washing and rinsing spray header are mounted therethrough for spraying the plastic fragments revolving with the tube. Wash and rinse water pass through the perforations, carrying with the water residue and unwanted particles. The wash water, rinse water and unwanted particles pass into a trough arranged below the revolving tube which collects the water and residue and transports same to either a screen separator in the case of the wash water, or a holding tank in the case of the rinse water. Auxiliary systems are disclosed for using recycled wash water and recycled rinse water for the process. A drying system which receives the plastic fragments from the washing apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for presenting elevation angle information with rect to overhanging objects to an operator of a submersible incorporates a substantial portion of the sonar equipment found onboard conventional submersibles. Reflections of radiant energy from the objects are received by a highly directional array of hydrophones. The received reflections are time varying gain attenuated to substantially compensate for range-dependent signal variations such as are due to changes in scattering areas, spreading loss and attenuation loss. Using time varying gain processing and by taking into account the known directivity pattern of the hydrophones, the received reflections are reduced to represent signal characteristics due substantially to the elevation angle of the incoming reflections. These modulated reflections are quantized by first sorting the reflections into bands according to amplitude intensity and then by assigning a distinct color to the individual bands.

Abstract: A movable cab structure and operator's compartment for a front end loader which permits complete access to all parts of the front end loader for easy servicing, repair or replacement work. In one embodiment, each base frame side member of the front end loader includes an elongated rail, a stop, and a bracket having a roller mounted thereon. Each side wall of the operator's compartment also includes an elongated rail and a roller which is mounted to the side wall by a bracket. As the operator's compartment is moved forwardly, the rails on the compartment side walls engage the rollers on the base frame side members while the rollers on the compartment side walls engage the underside of the rails on the base frame side members. The operator's compartment may then be easily moved forwardly to an extreme position until the rollers on the compartment side walls engage stops on the base frame side members.

Abstract: An assist assembly for reducing the work required by an operator in rotating a cab structure on a machine between selected positions. The basic components of the assist assembly include a bellcrank member, a cab movement transmission linkage, and an extensible and retractable actuator. The actuator applies a constant pushing force on the bellcrank member urging it to rotate in a first direction. This pushing force is converted by the bellcrank member into a pulling force on the cab movement transmission linkage which assists the operator in rotating the cab structure until the center of gravity of the cab structure moves to a point directly above its rotational axis on the machine.

Abstract: A chemical scrubber unit for containing and neutralizing toxic, corrosive thionyl chloride and sulfur dioxide acid fluids vented by a primary electrochemical cell. The scrubber unit includes an inlet tube coupled to the electrochemical cell by which thionyl chloride and sulfur dioxide vented by the cell is conveyed to an elongated, generally rectangular distribution trap disposed within a housing of the scrubber unit. The distribution trap contains sodium carbonate or sodium bi-carbonate for reacting chemically with and neutralizing thionyl chloride vented by the cell and received within the trap and is itself surrounded within the housing by soda lime for chemically reacting with and neutralizing both sulfur dioxide and thionyl chloride vented by the cell and received within the trap.

Abstract: A glass support bead through which lead-in wires extend within a miniature type of flash lamp is shaped to have a raised narrow ridge extending between the lead-in wires so that when the lamp flashes the lead-in wires will melt back at the sides of the raised ridge of the support bead. The support bead is formed by shaping jaws which squeeze against the heat-softened bead material to form the raised narrow ridge.

Abstract: A multiple photoflash lamp array is disclosed capable of producing a plurality of flashes for taking a plurality of flash pictures. The particular lamp construction includes a reflective unit having a plurality of adjacent reflectors or reflector cavities, each having a photoflash lamp mounted therein on a common base having a rigid molded plastic cover or shield which is light transmitting secured to said base and holding the entire assembly together. A butadiene styrene polymer is employed as the material of construction for said light transmitting cover means to provide better protection against shattering when the lamps are flashed than is obtained with the styrene homopolymer material now being used.

Abstract: An improved wire anvil member for a percussion ignitable type flash lamp is described having projection means to deflect hot primer particles upon ignition but which has openings permitting some of the hot primer particles to pass through for improved ignition of the principal combustible material contained in the lamp envelope. The present wire anvil can also be die-cast as an integral member utilizing commercially available zinc alloy materials.

Abstract: A multiple photoflash lamp array is disclosed capable of producing a plurality of flashes for taking a plurality of flash pictures. The particular construction includes a reflector unit having a plurality of adjacent reflectors or reflector cavities, each having a photoflash lamp mounted therein on a common base and with said flashlamps being further operatively associated with a printed circuitboard member to enable flashing of the lamps individually and in sequence. Aperture means are also provided in the individual reflectors to permit the direct observation by eye of flash indicator means located behind the reflector unit.

Abstract: A glass support bead through which inlead wires extend in a miniature type of flash lamp is shaped to have sloping sides and a narrow ridge at the top extending from one to the other of the inlead wires, so that any unburned metal foil in a flashed lamp is not likely to accumulate on the top of the bead so as to cause an electrical short between the inlead wires.

Abstract: The elevation of a chair seat from normal to raised bed level by cam action between the chair seat and a wheeled frame on which the chair seat is guided for up and down movement. A camshaft journaled on the underside of the chair seat with cam wheels at each end with cam edges supported on rollers journaled on the frame and lever means on the cam shaft connected to the backrest of the chair seat for rocking the cam shaft upon adjustment of the backrest between its condition of a backrest relative to the chair seat and a condition level with the chair seat as a part of the bed pad when the chair seat is raised to bed level.

Abstract: Beads of glass or plastic are placed around the lead-in wires in the bottom part of a flash lamp. This prevents metal debris in a flashed lamp from electrically shorting across the lead-in wires at the bottom of the lamp.