Abstract: Human antibodies are produced in transgenic chickens having functional genetic components of the human immune system stably integrated in the genome. Techniques are described to integrate unrearranged human heavy and light chain immunoglobulin loci into the genome of the transgenic chicken. The functional description of the endogenous immunoglobulin loci yields an animal whose antibody repertoire in response to antigen is fully human. In the preferred embodiment, the human immunoglobulin locus is at least as large as the native human locus and exhibits functional class switching to yield IgG isotype antibodies. In addition to monoclonal antibodies secreted from immortalized B cell populations, polyclonal antibodies may be obtained from eggs laid by the transgenic chickens of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing high affinity human sequence antibodies. The invention is also directed to human sequence antibodies specific for human antigens, such as, human CD4. The invention is also directed to methods for producing human sequence antibodies.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing heterologous antibodies and methods for producing human sequence antibodies which bind to human antigens with substantial affinity.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing high affinity human sequence antibodies. The invention is also directed to human sequence antibodies specific for human antigens , such as, human CD4. The invention also is directed to methods for producing human sequence antibodies.

Abstract: A transgenic chicken is disclosed having disrupted endogenous immunoglobulin production. In one embodiment, a targeting construct is stably integrated into the genome of the chicken by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells, and injection of the engineered embryonic stem cells into recipient embryos, thereby knocking out the endogenous immunoglobulin gene locus in resulting animals. The targeted disruption of the locus in embryonic stem cells is particularly useful in combination with the insertion of genetic elements encoding exogenous immunoglobulin molecules. After these chickens are cross-bred, a line of chickens is produced that has a reduction of endogenous immunoglobulin molecule production.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing heterologous antibodies and methods for producing human sequence antibodies which bind to human antigens with substantial affinity.

Abstract: Human antibodies are produced in transgenic chickens having functional genetic components of the human immune system stably integrated in the genome. Techniques are described to integrate unrearranged human heavy and light chain immunoglobulin loci into the genome of the transgenic chicken. The functional description of the endogenous immunoglobulin loci yields an animal whose antibody repertoire in response to antigen is fully human. In the preferred embodiment, the human immunoglobulin locus is at least as large as the native human locus and exhibits functional class switching to yield IgG isotype antibodies. In addition to monoclonal antibodies secreted from immortalized B cell populations, polyclonal antibodies may be obtained from eggs laid by the transgenic chickens of the invention.

Abstract: A transgenic chicken is disclosed having disrupted endogenous immunoglobulin production. In one embodiment, a targeting construct is stably integrated into the genome of the chicken by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells, and injection of the engineered embryonic stem cells into recipient embryos, thereby knocking out the endogenous immunoglobulin gene locus in resulting animals. The targeted disruption of the locus in embryonic stem cells is particularly useful in combination with the insertion of genetic elements encoding exogenous immunoglobulin molecules. After these chickens are cross-bred, a line of chickens is produced that has a reduction of endogenous immunoglobulin molecule production.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing high affinity human sequence antibodies. The invention is also directed to human sequence antibodies specific for human antigens, such as, human CD4. The invention also is directed to methods for producing human sequence antibodies.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing heterologous antibodies and methods for producing human sequence antibodies which bind to human antigens with substantial affinity.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing high affinity human sequence antibodies. The invention is also directed to human sequence antibodies specific for human antigens, such as, human CD4. The invention also is directed to methods for producing human sequence antibodies.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing heterologous antibodies and methods for producing human sequence antibodies which bind to human antigens with substantial affinity.

Abstract: A transgenic chicken is disclosed having disrupted endogenous immunoglobulin production. In one embodiment, a targeting construct is stably integrated into the genome of the chicken by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells, and injection of the engineered embryonic stem cells into recipient embryos, thereby knocking out the endogenous immunoglobulin gene locus in resulting animals. The targeted disruption of the locus in embryonic stem cells is particularly useful in combination with the insertion of genetic elements encoding exogenous immunoglobulin molecules. After these chickens are cross-bred, a line of chickens is produced that has a reduction of endogenous immunoglobulin molecule production.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing heterologous antibodies and methods for producing human sequence antibodies which bind to human antigens with substantial affinity.

Abstract: A multi-pass friction stir weld joint and method for forming such joints are provided. The multi-pass weld joint is formed of at least first-pass and second-pass friction stir weld joints that are disposed in the workpiece in a substantially parallel configuration. The first- and second-pass joints define transversely opposite advancing and retreating sides, and the second-pass joint is disposed to at least partially overlap the retreating side of the first-pass joint. Thus, at least some of the material of the workpiece in the first-pass joint is processed during the formation of the second-pass joint.

Abstract: A system and associated friction stir welding (FSW) assembly, controller and method for performing a friction stir welding operation are provided. The friction stir welding system includes a FSW device, such as a CNC machine, that includes an actuator capable of moving a FSW tool relative to a workpiece. The system also includes a controller capable of controlling the FSW device to drive the actuator to move the FSW tool. In this regard, the actuator is capable of being driven such that the FSW tool is capable of performing a friction stir welding operation on the workpiece. The controller is capable of monitoring a torque of the actuator to thereby control the FSW device to drive the actuator such that the torque is maintained within a range about a torque setting.

Abstract: Structural panels for use in manufacturing aircraft fuselages and other structures are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a structural panel configured in accordance with the invention includes a skin having at least one offset surface. The structural panel can further include at least first and second stiffeners. The first stiffener can have a first flange portion mated to the skin adjacent to the offset surface. The second stiffener can be spaced apart from the first stiffener and can similarly have a second flange portion mated to the skin adjacent to the offset surface. The structural panel of this embodiment can additionally include a support member mated to the first flange portion of the first stiffener, the second flange portion of the second stiffener, and the offset surface of the skin.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing high affinity human sequence antibodies. The invention is also directed to human sequence antibodies specific for human antigens, such as, human CD4. The invention also is directed to methods for producing human sequence antibodies.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing heterologous antibodies and methods for producing human sequence antibodies which bind to human antigens with substantial affinity.

Abstract: A system and associated friction stir welding (FSW) assembly, controller and method for performing a friction stir welding operation are provided. The friction stir welding system includes a FSW device, such as a CNC machine, that includes an actuator capable of moving a FSW tool relative to a workpiece. The system also includes a controller capable of controlling the FSW device to drive the actuator to move the FSW tool. In this regard, the actuator is capable of being driven such that the FSW tool is capable of performing a friction stir welding operation on the workpiece. The controller is capable of monitoring a torque of the actuator to thereby control the FSW device to drive the actuator such that the torque is maintained within a range about a torque setting.